审批制度改革与经济贸易活动的效率--基于企业经营成本视角的分析

Reform of examination and approval system and efficiency of economic and trade activities--Based on the analysis of enterprise operating cost

选取近几年沪深两市A股上市公司为研究对象,以各地级市行政审批中心成立为“准自然实验”,重点考察在企业贸易活动中,审批制度改革对企业经营成本的影响及作用机制。研究发现:审批制度改革力度越大,对辖区内企业经济贸易活力的促进作用越强,且这种促进作用在市场化程度较低的地区和非国有企业样本中更明显。作用机制检验发现:行政审批中心的成立在很大程度上提高了企业家才能配置,表现为行政审批中心的成立不仅降低了辖区内企业家非生产性外出活动时间,而且增加了企业经营管理时间。在经济后果方面:成立行政审批中心之后,企业对生产经营等生产性活动的关注有很大提升,进而提高了企业全要素生产率及经济贸易活动的效率。

This paper selects A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges in recent years as the research objects,and takes the establishment of administrative examination and approval centers in prefecture-level cities as a“quasi-natural experiment”to focus on the impact of the reform of the examination and approval system on the operating costs of enterprises and its mechanism in the business activities of enterprises.The results show that the greater the reform of the examination and approval system,the stronger the promotion effect on the economic and trade vitality of enterprises within the jurisdiction,and this promotion effect is more obvious in regions with low degree of marketization and non-state-owned enterprise samples.The mechanism test shows that the establishment of the administrative examination and approval center has greatly improved the allocation of entrepreneurial talents,which shows that it has not only reduced the non-productive time for entrepreneurs to go out,but also increased the time for enterprise operation and management.In terms of economic consequences,since the establishment of the administrative examination and approval center,enterprises have greatly increased their attention to productive activities such as production and operation,thereby improving the total factor productivity of enterprises and the efficiency of economic and trade activities.