典型高山峡谷区生态脆弱性评价及响应策略——以甘肃省舟曲县为例

Ecological vulnerability assessment and response strategy in typical alpine and canyon areas: a case study of Zhouqu County,Gansu Province

以甘肃省舟曲县为研究对象,结合区域生态现状及地质灾害诱发机理,通过SRP模型构建评价体系.采用标准差椭圆分析、因子贡献度模型等方法,对舟曲县生态脆弱性进行定量评价与分析.结果表明,舟曲县生态脆弱性呈现“北低南高、东低西高”的分布特征,各等级生态脆弱性在空间上均呈“西北-东南”走向.除中度脆弱外,其余等级分布重心均有“东移”趋势.研究期间生态脆弱性稳定区、恶化区和改善区分别占68.9%、5.9%和25.2%,总体生态状况基本稳定,略有改善.从驱动因素来看,土壤侵蚀强度(0.112)、灾害易发程度(0.111)与植被净初级生产力(0.107)贡献度较高,为关键驱动因素.根据生态脆弱性各维度指数变化情况,将舟曲县分为生态优化区、生态监控区与生态治理区,并给予对应的管理与优化方案.

Taking Zhouqu County in Gansu Province as the research object, the paper constructed an evaluation index system by sensitivity-resilience-pressure model based on the status quo of regional ecology and the induction mechanism of geological disasters. Through the standard deviation ellipse analysis and factor contribution model, the ecological vulnerability of Zhouqu County was quantitatively evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that, in space, the degree of ecological fragility was characterized by "being high in the northeast and low in the southwest". And the long axis of the standard deviation ellipse of all ecological vulnerability grades were of a "northwest to southeast" trend, and all ecological vulnerability grades showed an upward trend from west to east. From a perspective of the center of gravity of the distribution, except for the moderately vulnerable area, other areas showed an eastward trend.The stability zone, deterioration zone and improvement zone separately accounted for 68.9%, 5.9% and25.2%, revealing that the overall ecological state was basically stable and slightly improved. With regards to the driving factors, the three most contributing factors were respectively vegetation net primary productivity(0.112), soil erosion intensity(0.111) and geological hazard potential point density(0.107).According to the ecological vulnerability assessment results, Zhouqu County was divided into three ecological function zones: an ecological optimization zone, ecological monitoring zone and ecological control zone. And finally corresponding ecological management strategies were put forward for those different types of areas.