农业文化遗产地村寨环保制度创新——基于“阿者科计划”的人类学讨论

Villagism and Environmental Protection System Innovation of Agricultural Cultural Heritage: An Anthropological Discussion Based on the Azheke Plan

以农业文化遗产地为代表的乡村人居环境治理是“乡村振兴”的重要组成部分。然而村寨内生性环境监管制度的缺失则是包括红河哈尼梯田在内的常见通病。“阿者科计划”是在高校科研工作者与政府官员的辅助下,以村民大会的形式落实村民参与村寨发展的决策过程,通过以“象征产权”为基础的权利义务观念以及内生性村规民约来引导村民的日常行为,在多元主体自由平等对话的基础上推动阿者科“村寨主义”传统文化重焕生机。该案例为我国边疆少数民族乡村实现外来制度与村寨传统文化良好融合的环境治理创新做了有效示范。

The “Aztec Plan” is to implement the decision-making process of villagers’ participation in the village development in the form of a villagers’ assembly with the assistance of university researchers and government officials, guide the daily behavior of villagers through the concept of rights and obligations based on “symbolic property rights” and endogenous village rules and regulations, and promote the rejuvenation of Aztec’s traditional culture of “village doctrine” on the basis of free and equal dialogue among multiple subjects. This case is an effective demonstration for the innovation of environmental governance in China’s border ethnic minority villages to achieve the good integration of foreign systems and traditional village culture.