厄普代克《摩洛哥》中双重叙事动力下的非虚构书写

On Nonf iction Writing in John Updike’s “Morocco” under Dual Narrative Dynamics

《摩洛哥》是约翰·厄普代克的短篇家庭游记。厄普代克在《摩洛哥》中进行形式创新,模糊虚构和非虚构的界限,利用非虚构事件的虚构化剥离出故事的双重叙事动力:显性的旅行叙事与隐性的冷战叙事。同时,故事中还运用了“消解叙述”、“不可叙述之事”和“未发生叙述”等不可靠叙事策略,瓦解显性叙事的稳定性,使显性叙事在持续的叙事断裂中展现出多种可能性,但所有的故事可能性都受到隐性叙事的牵引,使得故事无论形式如何变化,始终脱不了冷战叙事的隐性内核。

“Morocco” is one of John Updike’s short stories about family travel.Attempting to blur the gap between f iction and nonf iction, Updike experiments in “Morocco” with a new form: f ictionalizing the nonf iction event, resulting in dual narrative dynamics within the story, i.e. the overt travel narrative and the covert cold war narrative.Meanwhile, the unreliable narratorial techniques in the story, such as denarration, the unnarratable and disnarration, serve to fracture the overt narrative and present various possibilities from the f issured narration. However, ultimately the various overt narrative possibilities are restricted by the covert cold war narrative, and thus the narratorial structure of “Morocco” remains constrained by cold war ideology.