基于扎根理论比较思维的体育学质性研究想象力生成经验与反思

Imagination Generation Experience and Reflections on the Qualitative Research of Sport Science Based on Grounded Theory Comparative Thinking

当前,多数体育学质性研究因开放性不足而导致在想象力上乏善可陈,主要表现为用预设代替经验、机械地运用文献、资料收集方式不变通、研究结论反复“炒剩饭”等。基于以上问题提出:参考扎根理论强调的经验—常识—文献之间的张力,将体育事件置于其发生的动态结构性情境下,采用近端、远端及反面比较策略,打开控制,对意外浮现的经验材料予以足够的重视;灵活对待实质性文献、形式文献及跨领域文献,随时将所获得的经验材料与各类文献展开比较;通过“资料—归纳—演绎”的连续性溯因比较,定位可能的创新点;拉大经验与理论之间的对话距离,从而形成具有想象力的研究结论。

At present, most qualitative research on sport is lack of imagination due to the shortage of openness. It is mainly manifested in using presupposition instead of experience, mechanically using literature, inflexible data collection methods, repeatedly "frying leftovers" in research conclusions, etc. This study, by the reference to the grounded theory’s emphasis on experience-common sense-literature which places sports events in a dynamic and structural situation and by means of the strategies of close-in comparison, far-out comparison and flip-flop techniques, opens up the controlled, pays enough attention to unexpected empirical materials, flexibly deals with the substance theory, formal theory and interdisciplinary theory, and compares the obtained empirical materials with all kinds of literature at any time. Besides, the possible innovation points are located through the continuous abductive reasoning of "data-induction-deduction", and in the meanwhile the dialogue distance between experience and theory is enlarged thus to form imaginative research conclusions.