运动表现分析:过去、现在与未来

Performance Analysis:Past,Present and Future

对运动表现分析的发展历程、现状、未来进行研究发现,运动表现分析起源于标记分析,历经一个多世纪的实践与研究完成了由方法向方法论的转型,进入21世纪后逐渐发展成为运动科学(Sports Science)的一个新兴分支学科。在运动表现分析实践中采用定性、定量以及两者相结合的方法对“人的运动”进行直接描述和分析,分析手段主要包括标记分析和移动分析,通常需要从方法和学科2个层面来理解其定义。技术和战术表现评估、信效度分析、负荷监控以及学科交叉研究是近年来运动表现分析领域的研究热点。运动表现分析相关专业的设立以及运动表现分析师这一新职业的出现有力地推动了运动训练的科学化。当前,运动表现分析的理论基础、技术手段、人才培养和学科影响力等方面还面临挑战,未来其理论体系将趋向完善,向分析智能化、服务对象大众化和人才培养专业化等方向发展。

The current study mainly involves the development history,the status quo and the future directions of"performance analysis"(PA).PA stems from the notational analysis.With the change from method to methodology for more than a century of practice and research,it has gradually been considered as a newly emerging subdiscipline of sports science in the 21st century.The qualitative method,the quantitative method and a combination of the two methods are used in PA to directly describe and analyze"human movement",mainly including notational analysis method and motion analysis method.Generally,to better understand its definition,we need to analyze it from methodological and disciplinary aspects.Evaluation of technical and tactical performance,analysis of reliability and validity,load monitoring and interdisciplinary research are the research hotspots of PA.The emergence of related majors and the new occupation,such as performance analyst,has strongly driven the scientific development of sports training.So far it still faces some challenges in the aspects of theoretical basis,analytical techniques,talent cultivation and discipline influence,but PA’s theoretical system will be improved,developing towards the direction of intelligence of analytical measures,the popularization of service objects and the professionalization of talent cultivation.