缓冲装置在某型通海阀噪声控制中的应用

Application of buffer device in noise control of a sea valve

针对某型通海阀在启闭过程中瞬态噪声较大的问题,采用了在通海阀驱动液压机内设置圆柱圆锥形缓冲装置的修改方案,在保证液压机外部尺寸以及活塞行程不变的条件下,确定了缓冲柱塞安装在端盖内壁面、活塞内打孔形成缓冲腔的缓冲装置结构形式,分析了缓冲过程中的理论模型,建立了活塞速度与缓冲腔压力随活塞位移变化的关系表达式,对缓冲装置结构参数进行了优化,试验了改进样机的减振效果。结果表明,单边间隙对缓冲效果影响最大,单边间隙越小缓冲效果越好,活塞内孔距离缓冲柱塞约1 mm时开始有节流缓冲效果,设置缓冲装置后活塞的末端速度由25.4 mm/s下降到8.3 mm/s,降幅约67.3%且速度变化平缓,在10 MPa工况下,改进样机使得通海阀启动和关闭振动加速度分别下降8,12 d B,能够有效控制通海阀的启闭瞬态噪声。

For the problem of large transient noise in the opening and closing process of a sea valve,a modification scheme was adopted to set a cylindrical conical buffer device in the hydraulic press driven by the sea valve.Under the condition of ensuring that the external size of the hydraulic press and the piston stroke remain unchanged,the structural form of the buffer device was determined that the buffer plunger is installed on the inner wall of the end cover and the piston is perforated to form a buffer cavity,the theoretical model of the buffer process was analyzed,the relationship between the piston speed and the buffer cavity pressure with the piston displacement was established,the structural parameters of the buffer device were optimized,and the damping effect of the improved prototype was tested.The results show that the unilateral clearance has the greatest impact on the buffer effect. The smaller the unilateral clearance,the better the buffer effect. The throttling buffer effect begins when the inner hole of the piston is about 1mm away from the buffer column plug. After setting the buffer device,the end speed of the piston decreases from 25.4 mm/s to 8.3 mm/s with a decrease of about 67.3% and a gentle change in speed,under the 10 MPa working condition,the improved prototype makes the starting and closing vibration acceleration of the sea valve decrease by 8 dB and 12 dB,which can effectively control the opening and closing transient noise of the sea valve.