社会主义改造中上海私营批发商转业外埠研究

Research on the Shift in Business by Shanghai’s Private Wholesalers to Other Cities During the Socialist Transformation

社会主义改造期间上海私营批发商转业外埠,是本市转业出路狭窄和紧缩政策双重因素叠加的结果。资金短缺的内地省市听闻上海批发商资金多且转业出路狭窄,纷纷到沪吸收批发商资金以发展地方经济。面对转业外埠,大多数批发商开始是惧怕的,但沪方认为转业外埠是可行之路,在两地政府的紧密合作和动员辅导下,有些批发商选择了转业外埠的“双重改造”之路。上海批发商转出和内地省市接收是在中央对私改造方针和沪方、接收省市、批发商“三方协议”基础上有序进行的,但在吸收人资比例、人事安排、财产清理、存货处理等方面也出现不少矛盾和问题。

Shanghai wholesalers shifted their businesses and moved to other cities during the period of socialist transformation.The reasons were twofold:their narrow career choices and the urban austerity policy.Therefore,many inland provinces and cities with insufficient funds came to Shanghai to absorb the wholesalers’capital for their own local economic development.The Shanghai wholesalers were initially afraid to move to other places,but the Shanghai government thought that it would be feasible.With the close cooperation and joint mobilization between the two governments,some wholesalers shifted their businesses and moved to other cities.The transfer-out and transfer-in processes were carried out in an orderly manner based on the central government’s policy of private transformation and a“tripartite agreement”among the Shanghai government,the receiving provinces and cities,and the wholesalers.But many conflicts and problems arose in terms of the proportion of recruited personnel,personnel arrangements,property clearances,and the handling of the inventory.