不同树种下雅连土壤细菌群落特征及与土壤营养相关性分析

Study on the Diversity of Soil Bacteria Communities in Coptis deltoidea under Different Tree Species

林下种植是雅连的主要种植模式,不同树种下雅连的生长状况不同。本文研究不同树种下雅连根区土壤细菌群落的特征,为雅连林下种植林分的选择提供科学依据和技术指导。本研究采用高通量测序技术对6种树种下雅连根区土壤细菌群落结构进行了测定,分析了珙桐(Davidiainvolucrata)、少花桂(Cinnamomum pauciflorum)、猫儿屎(Decaisneainsignis)、核桃树(Juglans regia)、枫杨(Pterocarya stenoptera)以及漆树(Toxicodendron vernicifluum)下雅连土壤细菌群落结构组成与差异,结合其土壤营养指标相关性分析,明确不同树种下雅连生长土壤微生物的标志物种。结果显示本研究的6个样本组中的细菌群落结构包含40门108纲268目481科1 024属2 735种。在Alpha多样性上,珙桐组的土壤细菌群落有相对较高的丰富度及多样性。6种树种下土壤细菌的优势菌门均为变形杆菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门和绿屈挠菌门,但优势菌属差异较大,其中Subgroup_2属及慢生根瘤菌属在各样本组中均处于较高水平。土壤中的全磷、速效钾、镁、铁、锰、铝、锌及钠对细菌群落结构有显著影响。珙桐组的关键物种为有益细菌绿屈挠菌门未命名菌属KD4_96;漆树组关键物种包括疣微菌门Candidatus_Udaeobacter属及Rokubacteriales属。结论可得,珙桐树为适宜雅连生长的树种,其关键物种为有益细菌绿屈挠菌门未命名菌属KD4_96。本结果对于雅连林下种植的选林技术具有理论指导作用。

Undergrowth model is the main planting model of Coptis deltoidei.The growth of C. deltoidei varies under different tree speciesis also different. This paper investigates the characteristics of soil bacterial communities in the root zone of C. deltoidei under different tree species to provide a scientific basis and technical guidance for the selection of plantations in C. deltoidei. In this study, we used the highthroughput sequencing technology to determine the bacterial community structure of C. deltoidea soils cultivated under six tree species, including dove(Davidia involucrata), lesser laurel(Cinnamomum pauciflorum), cattail(Decaisnea insignis), walnut(Juglans regia), maple poplar(Pterocarya stenoptera) and lacquer tree(Toxicodendron vernicifluum). The soil bacterial community composition and differences of C. deltoidea, and the influence of bacteria and soil nutrient properties under different tree species was investigated. The results showed that the bacterial community structure of the six sample groups of species in this study contained 40 phyla, 108 orders, 268 families, 481 families,1024 genera and 2735 species. The dominant phylum of soil bacteria in all six species was Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi, but the dominant genera varied greatly, with only Subgroup_2 and Bradyrhizobium being at a higher level in each sample group.The key species in the Davidia involucrata group were the beneficial bacteria genus KD4_96;The key species in the Toxicodendron vernicifluum group included the phylum Verrucomicrobia, the genus Candidatus_udaeobacter and the genus Rokubacteriales. RDA analysis of bacterial community structure and soil nutrient factors showed that three nutrient factors, Al, Zn and fast-acting potassium had significant effects on soil bacterial community structure;Spearman’s analysis showed that Mn and Zn content in soil were significantly or highly significantly correlated with more dominant bacterial genera. Davidia involucrata is a suitable tree species for C. deltoidea growth. The results are a theoretical guide to the improvement of soil microbiology in C. deltoidea cultivation under different forest selection conditions.