老年2型糖尿病患者自我感受负担水平与自护行为的相关性研究

Correlation between self-perceived burden and self-care behaviors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes

目的 探讨老年2型糖尿病患者自我感受负担水平与自护行为的相关性,为临床制定干预方案提供借鉴。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2020年1月—2021年12月河南省南阳市中心医院收治的143例老年2型糖尿病患者为研究对象。采用自我感受负担量表(SPBS)和糖尿病自护行为量表(SDSCA)评价所有研究对象的自我感受负担和自护行为情况,并运用双变量Pearson直线相关分析自我感受负担与自护行为的相关性。结果 本研究143例老年2型糖尿病患者SPBS总均分为(31.82±8.42)分,条目均分为(3.18±0.84)分。本研究143例老年2型糖尿病平均SDSCA总均分为(75.03±10.52)分,条目均分为(3.75±0.61)分。本研究根据143例老年2型糖尿病患者自我感受负担量表得分情况,将其分为高负担组56例,占39.16%,中负担组48例,占33.57%,低负担组39例,占27.27%。3组患者SDSCA中饮食管理、遵医用药、血糖管理、运动管理、足部护理各维度得分及总分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同时,低负担组患者SDSCA中饮食管理、遵医用药、血糖管理、运动管理、足部护理各维度得分及总分最高,中负担组次之,高负担组最低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经双变量Pearson直线相关分析结果显示:患者SPBS得分与SDSCA得分呈负相关(r=-0.853,P<0.05)。结论 老年2型糖尿病患者自我感受负担水平与自护行为关系密切,良好的自护行为有利于血糖水平稳定,降低并发症发生率,缓解患者心理压力,进而降低自我感受负担水平,临床可通过干预患者自护行为来改善其自我感受负担水平,从而提高其生活质量。

Objective To investigate the correlation between self-perceived burden and self-care behavior in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) to provide support for clinical interventions.Methods A total of 143 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as study participants by convenience sampling.The Self-Perceived Burden Scale(SPBS) and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities(SDSCA) were used to evaluate the self-perceived burden and self-care behavior of all participants.The correlation between self-perceived burden and self-care behavior was analyzed using Bivariate Pearson linear correlation.Results In 143 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes,the mean SPBS score was 31.82±8.42,and the total items mean was 3.18±0.84.In this study,143 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes had a total average score of SDSCA at 75.03±10.52 and a total item average score of 3.75±0.61.All the participants with type 2 diabetes were assigned to a high-burden group(n=56,39.16 %),a medium-burden group(n=48,33.57%),and a low-burden group(n=39,27.27%) following the scores of self-perceived burden scale.There were significant differences in the scores of all dimensions and the total score of diet management,compliance with medical drugs,blood glucose management,exercise management,and foot care among the three groups of patients in SDSCA(P<0.05).Meanwhile,patients in the low-burden group had the highest scores in each dimension and total scores in all dimensions of diet management,compliance with medical drugs,blood glucose management,exercise management,and foot care in SDSCA,followed by the medium-burden group and the high-burden group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Bivariate Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that the SPBS score was negatively correlated with the SDSCA score(r=-0.853,P<0.05).Conclusion The level of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with type 2diabetes is closely correlated to self-care behavior.Good self-care behavior is beneficial to the stability of blood glucose level,reduce the incidence of complications,relieve psychological pressure,and reduce the level of self-perceived burden.The level of self-perceived burden can be improved by intervening the self-care behavior of patients in clinical practice,so as to increase their quality of life.