ADOPT模式在先天性心脏病患儿家属健康教育中的应用

Application of ADOPT mode in health education for family members of children with congenital heart disease

目的 探讨ADOPT模式在先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿家属健康教育中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年4月—2022年3月在阜外华中心血管病医院接受手术治疗的298例CHD患者家属,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组149例。对照组患儿家属实施常规健康教育,观察组患儿家属在对照组基础上实施ADOPT模式健康教育。比较2组患儿家属CHD健康知识的掌握情况、自我效能感、健康教育满意度以及患儿治疗依从性。结果 2组患儿家属干预后CHD健康知识调查问卷各维度评分及总分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患儿家属干预后一般自我效能问卷(GSES)评分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家属健康教育满意度为95.97%,高于对照组的81.88%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.028,P<0.001)。观察组患儿治疗依从率为95.30%,高于对照组的87.25%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.068,P=0.014)。结论 在CHD患儿家属健康教育中应用ADOPT模式,能够增加患儿家属对CHD健康知识的掌握程度,提高患儿家属的自我效能感和健康教育满意度,且患儿治疗依从性好,有临床推广价值。

Objective To explore the application of ADOPT mode in health education of family members of children with congenital heart disease(CHD).Methods A total of 298 family members of CHD patients who received surgical treatment in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from April 2021 to March 2022 were selected as study participants.They were assigned to a control group(n=149) and an observation group(n=149) by random number table.The family members of pediatric patients in the control group and the observation group received routine health education and ADOPT mode health education based on the control group,respectively.The knowledge of CHD health,self-efficacy,satisfaction with health education,and treatment compliance of the children’s families were compared between the two groups.Results The scores of all dimensions and total scores of the CHD health knowledge questionnaire in the two groups after intervention were,significantly higher than those before intervention,with the observation group being higher than the control group(P<0.05).The general self-efficacy scale(GSES) scores of family members of pediatric patients in the 2 groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before intervention,with the observation group higher than the control group(P<0.05).The satisfaction rate of family health education in the observation group was 95.97%,which was higher than that in the control group(81.88%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=55.028,P<0.001).The treatment compliance rate in the observation group was 95.30%,which was significantly higher than that(87.25%) in the control group(χ^(2)=6.068,P=0.014).Conclusion The application of ADOPT mode in health education for family members of children with CHD can increase the mastery of CHD health knowledge and improve the self-efficacy and health education satisfaction of family members of pediatric patients,with good treatment compliance.These advantages justify a wider application of this mode clinically.