癔病:疾病史叙事与思想史钩沉

Hysteria:Narrative of Disease History and Reflection on History of Ideas

近年来,医学史叙事的多元化探索正在逐渐成型。癔病,一个古老的疾病,如今已不再是研究热点。对癔病进行了多维的历史叙事,还原了19世纪癔病研究的热络情境,引出癔病命名的荒诞性,诊疗与干预的或然性,折射出精神分析学说的兴衰,透过当代影像叙事凸显了社会文化对癔病的重审,例举了它不同于传统的歇斯底里表现的新类型、新境遇,展现了叙事医学对于癔病本质认知的新视界,缘此揭示出疾病与疾苦、正常与异常等哲学范畴的永恒思辨。

In recent years, the diversified exploration of medical history narrative is taking shape. Hysteria, an ancient disease, is no longer a hot topic of research. However, the multi-dimensional historical narration of hysteria in this paper restored the hot situation of hysteria research in the 19th century, led to the absurdity of naming hysteria, the probability of diagnosis and intervention, reflected the rise and fall of psychoanalysis theory, and highlighted the social and cultural reexamination of hysteria through contemporary visual narration. This paper gives examples of its new types and circumstances different from the traditional hysteria, and shows the new horizon of narrative medicine’s cognition of the nature of hysteria, which reveals the eternal speculation of diseases and suffering, normal and abnormal philosophical categories.