含溴阻燃剂对聚苯乙烯泡沫材料性能的影响

The effects of bromine flame retardants on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of polystyrene foam

针对目前聚苯乙烯泡沫保温材料用阻燃剂急需进行六溴环十二烷(HBCD)替代的现状,利用同步热分析仪对比分析了甲基八溴醚(801)和溴化苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物(PFR)两种常见替代阻燃剂与HBCD的热稳定性差异;利用同步热分析仪、氧指数仪和锥形量热仪等,研究以上3种阻燃剂对挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫材料(XPS)和模塑聚苯乙烯泡沫材料(EPS)的热稳定性、阻燃性能和燃烧行为的影响。结果表明:3种阻燃剂的初始热分解温度差别不大,HBCD的热失重速率峰值最大,801和PFR的热稳定性比HBCD好;3种阻燃剂均会在一定程度上降低EPS和XPS的热稳定性,HBCD会显著降低XPS初始热分解温度;3种阻燃剂阻燃的XPS和EPS均具有良好的阻燃性能,其氧指数数值均在30.0以上;3种阻燃剂对XPS的燃烧性能影响差异性不大,而3种阻燃剂对EPS的燃烧性能影响略有差异,801在改善总热释放量和总生烟量方面作用更为明显,PFR对降低热释放速率峰值和CO_(2)生成量峰值的作用更显著。

Focusing on the replacement of hexabromocyclododecane(HBCD) for flame retardants of polystyrene foam thermal insulation materials, the thermal stability of tetrabromobisphenol A bis(dibromomethylpropyl ether)(801), brominated styrene butadiene copolymer(PFR) and HBCD were studied by simultaneous thermal analyzer. The effects of the above flame retardants on the thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion properties of extruded polystyrene foam(XPS) and expanded polystyrene foam(EPS) were systematically studied by simultaneous thermal analyzer, limiting oxygen index and cone calorimeter. The results show that the initial thermal decomposition temperature of the flame retardants are almost the same,the maximum thermal weight loss rate of HBCD is the largest,and the thermal stability of 801 and PFR is better than that of HBCD. The thermal stability of EPS and XPS decrease with the loading of the flame retardants, the reduction of the initial thermal decomposition temperature of XPS with HBCD is obvious.The flame retarded XPS and EPS with the flame retardants show good flame retardancy, and limiting oxygen index values of the samples are above 30.0. Comparison of the flame retardants, there is few different effects on the combustion properties of XPS, there are some effects on the combustion properties of EPS, the total heat release and total smoke generation of EPS are improved obviously by 801, and the peak value of heat release rate and CO2production of EPS decrease significantly by PFR.