不同处理方法对中草药体外抑菌及抗氧化活性的影响

Effects of treatment methods on bacteriostatic and antioxidant activities of Chinese herbal medicine in vitro

为研究不同处理方法对蒲公英、金银花、菊花抑菌效果和抗氧化活性的影响,试验分别采用了水煎煮法和乳酸菌发酵法,对三种中草药材的7种组方进行了处理。体外抑菌效果试验所用致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌和甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌,抗氧化活性测定的是超氧阴离子自由基清除率和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率。结果表明:对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌效果最佳的是乳酸菌发酵金银花+菊花组方,对甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌抑制效果最好的是乳酸菌发酵蒲公英+金银花组方,对超氧阴离子自由基清除能力最强的是乳酸菌发酵蒲公英+菊花组方,对DPPH自由基清除能力最强的是乳酸菌发酵金银花组方;水煎煮处理的7种组方之间,在抑菌效果和抗氧化活性方面均存在显著差异性(P <0.05),两种测试菌抑菌圈最大差值分别为68%、224%,两种自由基清除率最大差值分别为263%、127%;乳酸菌发酵处理的7种组方之间,在抑菌效果和抗氧化活性方面也均存在显著差异性(P <0.05),两种测试菌抑菌圈最大差值分别为61%、62%,两种自由基清除率最大差值分别为440%、137%;乳酸菌发酵法比水煎煮法抑菌圈直径提高12%~329%、抗氧化能力提高8%~798%。综上,针对不同致病菌和不同自由基,蒲公英、金银花、菊花三种中草药之间的最佳处理组方不同;组合方式和处理方法,对三种中草药的抑菌效果和抗氧化活性影响均差异显著;乳酸菌发酵处理方法较水煎煮法更利于提高其抑菌效果和抗氧化活性。

In order to analyze the antibacterial effect and antioxidant activity of dandelion,honeysuckle and chrysanthemum. Seven formulations of the three Chinese herbal medicines were processed by the water decocting method and the lactic acid bacteria fermentation method respectively. The pathogenic bacteria used in the bacteriostatic effect test were Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella paratyphi A. The antioxidant activity measured the superoxide anion free radical clearance and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical clearance. The results showed that the formula of lactic acid bacteria fermentation honeysuckle +chrysanthemum had the best inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus,the formula of lactic acid bacteria fermentation dandelion + honeysuckle had the best inhibitory effect on Salmonella paratyphi A,and the formula of lactic acid bacteria fermentation dandelion + chrysanthemum had the strongest scavenging effect on superoxide anion free radical,the formula of lactic acid bacteria fermentation honeysuckle has the strongest ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals. There were significant differences in bacteriostatic effect and antioxidant activity between the seven groups of decoction treatment(P < 0.05),the maximum difference between the two test bacteria bacteriostatic circles was 68% and 224%,and the maximum difference between the two free radical clearance rates was 263% and 127%,respectively. There were also significant differences in bacteriostatic effect and antioxidant activity between the seven groups of lactic acid bacteria fermentation treatment(P < 0.05),the maximum difference between the two test bacteria bacteriostatic circles was 61% and62%,and the maximum difference between the two free radical scavenging rates was 440% and 137%,respectively. The lactic acid bacteria fermentation method increases the diameter of the bacteriostatic circle by12% to 329% and the antioxidant capacity by 8% to 798% compared with the decoction method. For different pathogenic bacteria and different free radicals,the optimal treatment formula between dandelion honeysuckle and chrysanthemum was different;there were significant differences in bacteriostasis and antioxidant activity among different combination method and treatment method,the lactic acid bacteria fermentation treatment method was more conducive to improve their bacteriostatic effect and antioxidant activity than the water decoction method.