不同蛋白及喷浆玉米皮水平对斑点叉尾鮰生长性能、体色及肠道健康的影响

Effects of different protein and corn gluten feed levels on growth performance,body color and intestinal health of channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)

为精确斑点叉尾鮰蛋白需求量及其饲料中喷浆玉米皮的添加量,试验以初始体重(50.0±0.2)g的斑点叉尾鮰作为试验对象,在基础饲料上添加0%(对照组,CON组)、3%(CG3组)、6%(CG6组)和9%(CG9组)的喷浆玉米皮配制成蛋白含量依次为34%、35%、33%、32%的四种饲料,研究其对斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)生长、体色及肠道健康的影响,每组5个重复,每个重复50尾,试验持续8周。结果表明:各组间斑点叉尾鮰增重率无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,CG3、CG6、CG9组斑点叉尾鮰腹脂率显著降低(P <0.05),但CG3、CG6、CG9组斑点叉尾鮰背部肌肉b*值均显著提高(P <0.05);CON、CG3组斑点叉尾鮰肠道肌层厚度显著高于CG6、CG9组(P <0.05);各组间斑点叉尾鮰肠道优势菌门均为梭杆菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门,与对照组相比,CG9组使斑点叉尾鮰肠道梭杆菌门、厚壁菌门相对丰度下降,变形菌门相对丰度上升。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲料中添加喷浆玉米皮低于9%(粗蛋白质水平32%)时不影响班点叉尾鮰生长性能,但长期使用喷浆玉米皮需评估其价值。

A 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the protein requirement of channel catfish and the addition amount of corn gluten feed. In this experiment,the channel catfish with initial body weight of(50.0 ±0.2) g was used as the experimental animals to investigate its effects on growth,body color and gut health in channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus),respectively,5 replicates per group,50 tails per replicate.And0%(control group,CON group),3%(CG3 group),6%(CG6 group) and 9%(CG9 group) corn gluten feed were formulated into four basal diets with protein content of 34%,35%,33% and 32%.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the weight gain rate of channel catfish among the groups(P > 0.05).Compared with the control group,the abdominal fat rate of channel catfish in the CG3,CG6 and CG9 groups was significantly decreased(P < 0.05),but the back muscle(b*) value of the channel catfish in the CG3,CG6and CG9 groups was significantly increased(P < 0.05);The thickness of the intestinal muscle layer of channel catfish in the CON group and CG3 group was significantly higher than that in the CG6 and CG9 groups(P <0.05);Fusobacterium,Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla in the gut of channel catfish among each group. Compared with the control group,the addition of 9% corn gluten feed to the feed decreased the relative abundances of Fusobacterium and Firmicutes,and increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In conclusion,under this experimental conditions,there was no difference in growth performance of channel catfish when the feed added below 9%(32% crude protein level),but longterm use of corn gluten feed should be evaluated for its value.