个人信息可携带权的权利属性及实现路径

Right Attribute and Realization Path of Personal Information Portability Right

我国个人信息可携带权的实践保护面临网络平台阻碍权利人对信息控制权的实现,以及个人信息转移困难而引发不正当竞争等困境。欧盟GDPR以赋权模式规定信息可携带权,美国法律以义务模式规定信息可携带权,二者都以便捷、易用的互操作性技术要求保障个人对信息的控制权。这些规定有利于促进信息流通、引导互联网企业有序竞争。我国个人信息可携带权是《个人信息保护法》创设的新型权利,在权利内容、权利模式、权利实现方式上具有新颖性,属于不完全的信息控制权,扩大了其影响竞争秩序的附随效应。我国个人信息可携带权的实现及完善保护应从明确网络平台不得阻碍个人信息流通、完善技术操作指引等方面加强个人对信息的控制,以期完善中国特色个人信息可携带权的实现路径。

In China,the right of personal information portability caused network platform hindering the realization of personal information rights and unfair competition.The EU GDPR stipulates the right of Information Portability in an empowering manner,while the US law stipulates the right of Information Portability in an obligatory manner.Both of them guarantee the personal control over information with convenient and easy-to-use interoperability technology requirements,which is conducive to promoting information circulation and guiding the orderly competition of Internet enterprises.China's personal information portability right is a new right created by the personal information protection law.It is novel in the content,mode and realization of rights.It belongs to the incomplete information control right and expands its accompanying effect on the competitive order.The realization of Personal Information Portability should strengthen the personal control over information from the aspects of making clear that the network platform should not hinder the circulation of personal information,improving the technical operation guidance,and constructing the realization path of personal information portability right with Chinese characteristics.