数字时代的大国经济博弈:模式变迁与发展战略

The great power economic game in the digital era:model changes and development strategies

数字经济正在成为重组全球要素资源、重塑全球经济结构、改变国家竞争格局的关键力量。在数字时代,各国争相抢占宝贵的数据资源,不断推进数字技术创新,在新一轮大国博弈中占据优势。本文总结了二战后大国经济博弈的模式及变迁,分析了作为守成国的美国与其他崛起国之间的经济博弈。数字经济从多个维度重塑了大国经济博弈模式,主要特征表现为网络平台成为商业价值聚合器,数字地缘竞争成为国家新的权力来源,传统经济博弈面临数字经济叠加影响等。基于自身禀赋,各国采取了发展数字经济的差异化战略,美国以加强数字技术发展来推动美式数字规则,欧盟在面临多重约束中推行数字化转型,英国通过持续推进数字经济制度创新来维持其全球数字领导者角色,日本注重掌握数字经济价值链关键环节,积极建立数字经济同盟。本文认为,中国要审时度势,在大国经济博弈中积极应对,参与资源、市场和规则竞争,加强数字政府建设,创新数字经济规则和制度,加快布局域外数字治理体系,以及提高联合国议题设置权。

The digital economy is becoming a key force for reorganizing global factor resources,reshaping the global economic structure,and changing the national competition pattern.In the digital age,countries are competing to seize valuable data resources,continuously promote digital technology innovation,and occupy an advantage in the new round of great power games.This article summarizes the pattern and changes of the economic game among major powers after World War II,and analyzes the economic game between the United States,which wants maintain its achievement,and other rising countries.The digital economy has reshaped the game mode of the major power economy from multiple dimensions.The main characteristics are that the network platform has become a commercial value aggregator,digital geographical competition has become a new source of power for the country,and the traditional economic game is facing the superimposed impact of the digital economy.Based on their own endowments,countries have adopted a differentiated strategy for the development of the digital economy,the United States has promoted American-style digital rules by strengthening the development of digital technology,the European Union has implemented digital transformation in the face of multiple constraints,the United Kingdom has maintained its role as a global digital leader by continuing to promote digital economy institutional innovation,and Japan has focused on mastering the key links of the digital economy value chain and actively established a digital economy alliance.This paper argues that China should assess the situation and actively respond to the economic game of major countries,participate in the competition of resources,markets and rules,strengthen the construction of digital government,innovate the rules and systems of the digital economy,accelerate the layout of extraterritorial digital governance systems,and improve the right to set UN topics.