新月派诗人的译诗与节奏实验

Poetry Translations and Rhythmic Experiments by the Crescent Poets

在汉译英诗的影响下,新月派诗人开始了新格律诗的节奏探索。以“顿”代“步”、以“停延”代“抑扬”是新月派诗人沟通中英诗歌节奏的重要方法。闻一多、徐志摩、朱湘是新月诗人中汉译英诗的杰出代表,他们均在译诗实践中探寻新格律诗的创作道路,其译诗活动与新格律诗创作之间呈现出明显的节奏互动特征。受英诗节奏启发,闻一多提出“音尺理论”,以“尺”(顿)代“步”,寻求中英诗歌节奏的共通性;徐志摩主张“音节的匀整与流动”,于规律性的停延节奏中寻自由,追求诗意的流畅表达;朱湘落实“以顿代步”译诗原则,突破“音节对应”的局限,三者共同推动新格律诗的发展与繁荣。

Under the influence of Chinese to English poetry translation,the Crescent poets began a rhythmic exploration of the new metrical poetry.Substituting the foot with“Dun”(the yard)and the iamb with pauses and extension is frequently used by these poets to realize rhythmic communications between Chinese and English poems.Wen Yiduo,Xu Zhimo,and Zhu Xiang are outstanding representatives of the Crescent Poets who translate English poetry into Chinese,all exploring in the creative path of new metrical poetry in the practice of poetry translation,their poetry translation and creation of new metrical poetry bearing obvious rhythmic interaction characteristics.Inspired by the rhythm of English poetry,Wen Yiduo proposed the“sound yard theory”,replacing“foot”with“chi(the yard)”,seeking the commonality of Chinese and English poetry rhythms;Xu Zhimo advocates“uniformity and flow of syllables”,seeking freedom in the rhythm of regular stoppage and pursuing poetic and smooth expression;Zhu Xiang implemented the principle of“replacing the foot with the yard”in translating poetry,breaking through the limitations of“syllabic correspondence”.They jointly promoted the development and prosperity of new metrical poetry.