扎帕罗夫执政后吉尔吉斯斯坦形势:希望与挑战并存

The Situation in Kyrgyzstan after Japarov Came to Power:Hope and Challenge Coexist

2020年“十月事件”引发了吉尔吉斯斯坦独立以来的第三次非正常权力更迭,反对派领袖扎帕罗夫由阶下囚跃至权力之巅,成为新一届总统。扎帕罗夫就任后积极推动政治、经济、社会等领域一系列改革:在政治领域,通过变革政体,调整权力分配,以优化权力架构,提升执政效率;在经济领域,通过优化产业结构、实现库姆托尔金矿国有化、支持企业发展等摆脱危机的举措,解决经济领域面临的最主要问题;在安全领域,通过制定法律制度,强化国家军事装备,减少传统与非传统安全领域的威胁。从目前来看,扎帕罗夫的系列改革举措取得了一定成效,政权合法性得到增强,国内政治安全局势基本保持稳定,但在经济复苏、非传统安全等领域仍面临诸多挑战。未来,扎帕罗夫推行的改革举措能否持续落地见效,吉尔吉斯斯坦国内局势能否持久向好发展仍存在不确定性。

The "October Incident" in 2020 triggered the third abnormal power change since Kyrgyzstan’s independence. The opposition leader Japarov jumped from a prisoner to the pinnacle of power. After taking office, Japarov actively promoted a series of reforms in the political, economic, and social fields. In the political field, he optimized the power structure and enhance the efficiency of governance by changing the political system and adjusting the distribution of power. In the economic field, he addressed the most important issues facing the economic field through measures like optimizing the industrial structure,realizing the nationalization of the Kumtor Gold Mine, and supporting the development of enterprises. In the security field, he reduced threats in the traditional and non-traditional security fields through formulation of legal systems and strengthening of the national military equipment. From the current point of view, Japarov’s series of reform measures have achieved certain results, the legitimacy of the regime has been enhanced, and the domestic political security situation has basically remained stable. However, the country still faces many challenges in areas such as economic recovery and nontraditional security. In the future, there are still uncertainties about whether the reform measures implemented by Japarov will continue to be effective and the domestic situation in Kyrgyzstan will continue to improve.