大石峡水电站水轮机防泥沙磨蚀综合措施

Comprehensive Measures to Prevent Sand Abrasion and Cavitation Erosion for the Turbines of Dashixia Hydropower Station

多泥沙河流水轮机过流部件的磨损和空蚀,会造成机组效率的严重下降,不但影响电站的经济效益,更关系到电站的运行安全。混流式水轮机在水头相对较高时,由于内部流速也相对较高,其过流部件的磨蚀问题会更加严重。依托新疆大石峡水电站,对水轮机的水力设计优化、水轮机过流部件的结构设计、泥沙磨损深度分析与大修周期预判、过流部件喷涂及现场修复方案等方面开展分析,提出多泥沙河流水轮机过流部件预防泥沙磨蚀的系统解决方案,为多泥沙水流中的水轮机防泥沙磨蚀提供借鉴。

The sand abrasion and cavitation erosion of the hydraulic turbine flow passage parts in silt-laden river will cause the serious decrease of unit efficiency,which not only affects the economic benefit of hydropower station,but also affects the operation safety of hydropower station.When the head of the Francis turbine is relatively high,the sand abrasion of the turbine flow passage parts will be more serious because of the relatively high internal velocity.Relying on Xinjiang Dashixia Hydropower Station,this paper conducts a step-by-step analysis of the optimization of the turbine hydraulic parameters,the structural design of the turbine flow passage parts,the analysis of the sand abrasion depth and the prediction of the time between overhaul,the spraying of the turbine flow passage parts and the on-site repair of sand abrasion turbine,and put forward a systematic solution to prevent the sand abrasion and cavitation erosion for the turbine flow passage parts in silt-laden river,which provides reference for sand abrasion and cavitation erosion prevention for turbines of hydropower stations built in silt-laden river.