滚动轴承故障定量诊断方法综述

Review of Quantitative Diagnosis Methods for Rolling Bearing Faults

将近年来滚动轴承故障定量诊断方法的相关研究归纳为基于双冲击特征提取与轴承动力学建模的定量诊断方法,大数据驱动的智能定量诊断方法以及冲击脉冲法这3大类,分别介绍了3类方法的基本思想、研究进展、适用环境以及优缺点:基于双冲击特征与动力学建模的方法能确定故障尺寸的精确值,但要求诊断人员经验丰富且动力学模型准确;智能定量诊断方法是一种“傻瓜式”的方法,但存在故障尺寸诊断精度不足以及需要历史数据的问题;冲击脉冲法操作简单、效果明显,但诊断过程中需要特定的软硬件。结合研究现状认为,贴近工程实际的研究和各种方法取长补短综合运用以及新技术、新理论的应用将会是轴承故障定量诊断方法未来的发展方向。

The research on quantitative diagnosis methods for rolling bearing faults in recent years is summarized into three categories: the quantitative diagnosis method based on double shock feature extraction and bearing dynamic modeling, the intelligent quantitative diagnosis method driven by big data and the shock pulse method. The basic ideas, research progress, applicable environment, advantages and disadvantages of three methods are introduced respectively: the method based on double shock feature and dynamic modeling is able to determine the exact value of fault size, but requires experienced diagnosticians and accurate dynamic models;the intelligent quantitative diagnosis method is a "foolproof" method, but the diagnosis process suffers from lack of fault size diagnosis accuracy and need for historical data;the shock pulse method is simple and effective, but specific hardware and software are required for diagnostic process. Combined with research status, it is believed that the research close to engineering practice, comprehensive use of various methods to learn from each other and application of new technologies and theories will be future development direction of quantitative diagnosis methods for bearing faults.