象虫金小蜂繁殖技术及其对烟草甲的防治研究

The Rearing Technology of Anisopteromalus calandrae(Howard)and Its Control Effect on Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius)

象虫金小蜂是烟草甲的重要寄生性天敌,为探究象虫金小蜂的人工繁殖技术,本文研究了象虫金小蜂的寄主选择性偏好,筛选了象虫金小蜂及其寄主烟草甲的最佳饲养密度,并评价了象虫金小蜂在不同释放密度和方法下对烟草甲的防效。结果表明:象虫金小蜂对4种寄主的选择系数从大到小依次为烟草甲、绿豆象、菜豆象和玉米象;象虫金小蜂更偏好选择烟草甲幼虫作为产卵寄主。4种寄主中,以烟草甲为寄主的象虫金小蜂发育历期最短、出蜂数最多,成蜂质量最重。每瓶接种150头烟草甲能获得最佳出虫量1725.00头/瓶,在此密度下饲养烟草甲40 d左右,每瓶接入40对象虫金小蜂,可获得最佳出蜂数608.00头/瓶。无论在烟箱还是烟垛条件下,象虫金小蜂对烟草甲的种群数量均具有一定控制作用,大部分处理的防效在77.9%~92.0%之间。综上所述,象虫金小蜂更偏好寄生烟草甲,每个饲养瓶接种150头烟草甲成虫,40 d后接种40对/瓶象虫金小蜂可以作为象虫金小蜂人工繁殖的基本技术参数,且采用象虫金小蜂防治对烟草甲的种群数量有一定控制效果。

Anisopteromalus calandrae(Howard)is an important parasitic natural enemy of Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius).In order to explore the artificial reproduction technology of A.calandrae,this paper studied the selective host preference of A.calandrae,screened the optimal feeding density of A.calandrae and its host,L.serricorne,and evaluated the control effect of A.calandrae on L.serricorne under different release densities and methods.The results showed that the selection coefficient of the four hosts of A.calandrae were L.serricorne,Calyptraea chinensis,Acanthoscelides obtectus,and Sitophilus zeamais in descending order;A.calandrae preferred L.serricorne larva as the oviposition host.Compared with the other three hosts,offspring wasps that emerged from L.serricorne showed the shortest development period,the highest number of offspring,and the heaviest weight of adult wasps.Inoculation of 150 L.serricorne per bottle can obtain the optimal amount of 1725.00/bottle.At this density of L.serricorne for 40 d,each bottle can obtain the optimal amount of 608.00/bottle by inoculating 40 pairs A.calandrae.A.calandrae had a certain control effect on the population of L.serricorne in the tobacco box or the tobacco stack,and its control effect of A.calandrae on L.serricorne was 77.9%~92.0%.To sum up,A.calandrae preferred to parasitize L.serricorne.Each breeding bottle was inoculated with 150 adult L.serricorne for 40 days.Then 40 pairs of A.calandrae were inoculated into the bottle,which can be used as the basic technical parameters for the artificial reproduction of A.calandrae.The use of A.calandrae has a certain control effect on the population number of L.serricorne.