饲养条件对人工饲料饲养七星瓢虫的影响

Effects of Feeding Conditions on Rearing of Coccinella septempunctata with Artificial Diet

为明确不同饲养条件对捕食性天敌昆虫七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata的影响,优化饲养技术,提升规模化饲养效率。本文研究了人工饲料在不同温度、湿度、光周期条件下对七星瓢虫生长发育及繁殖的影响,并探究不同产卵介质对成虫产卵量的影响。结果表明,在温度为(25±0.5)℃时,产卵量最高为291.24粒,(28±0.5)℃幼虫期最短为14.76 d,产卵前期和幼虫历期随温度升高而缩短;湿度在(70±5)%时幼虫和成虫存活率最高分别为36.67%、48.00%,产卵量随湿度的增加而增加;光周期在18L∶6D时,成虫产卵前期最短(9.30 d),卵的孵化率最高(52.22%),产卵前期和幼虫期随光照时间延长呈缩短趋势。七星瓢虫在甘蓝叶上产卵量最高(306.20粒),在保鲜膜上产卵量最低(230.38粒)。综上,人工饲料饲养七星瓢虫幼虫的适合条件为温度28℃、湿度70%、光周期18L∶6D,成虫为温度25℃、湿度70%、光周期16L∶8D,且在甘蓝上产卵效果最好,该研究结果可为室内人工扩繁七星瓢虫提供参考。

In order to clarify the effects of different feeding conditions on the predatory natural enemy Coccinella septempunctata,optimize the feeding technology and improve the efficiency of large-scale feeding.In this paper,we studied the effects of artificial diet on the growth,development and reproduction of C.septempunctata under different conditions of temperature,humidity and photoperiod.The effects of different oviposition media on the fecundity of the adults were also investigated.Results indicated that when the temperature was(25±0.5)℃,the highest number of eggs was 291.24,and the shortest larval stage was 14.76 days at(28±0.5)℃.The pre-oviposition period and larval stages shortened with the increase of temperature.When the humidity was(70±5)%,the survival rates of larvae and adults were the highest,which were 36.67%and 48.00%,respectively.The fecundity increased with the increase of humidity.When the photoperiod was 18L∶6D,the adult pre-oviposition stage was the shortest(9.30 d),while the hatching rate of the eggs was the highest(52.22%).The pre-oviposition period and larval stage tend to be shortened with the prolongation of light time.The number of eggs laid on the cabbage leaves was the highest(306.20),which laid on the plastic wrap was the lowest(230.38).The comprehensive results showed that the suitable conditions for artificial diet to raise the larvae of C.septempunctata were at temperature of 28℃,humidity of 70%,photoperiod at 18L∶6D.for adults was at temperature of 25℃,humidity of 70%,photoperiod of 16L∶8D,and the best egg laying effect on cabbage.The results of this study could provide a reference for the laboratory large scale rearing of C.septempunctata.