算法时代网络服务商“通知移除”义务的重构

Reconstruction of the“Notice-Takedown”Obligation of Internet Service Providers in the Algorithm Era

信息时代所伴随的恶意投诉、算法错误通知、重复化侵权等诸多网络治理困境已益愈发凸显。但对网络服务商通知移除义务的“积极责任构成”倾向,使其异化为了通知后机械移除的“管道作用”,且反通知的“合理期限”等待,更令网络侵权所带来的不利只能诉诸于事后追责的适当平衡,此所蕴含的网络用户对法治指涉单项性的质疑,催生出了“反向行为保全”等权宜措施。算法时代下,网络治理的现代化路径在于弱化通知移除规则的过错表征效力,通过理性第三人的假设模型,重构网络服务商与算力发展相适应的义务内容,以此建构内容识别过滤、持续性屏蔽等事中容错机制,以期遏制之效。

Malicious complaints,algorithm error notifications,repeated infringements and many other Internet governance dilemmas have become obvious since the information age.However,the tendency of treating the notice-takedown obligation of Internet Service Providers(ISP)as“active constituent elements of liability”makes them become the“pipeline”of mechanically removing after notification,and the counter-notification requires a“reasonable period of time”to wait,which makes the imbalance of interests in Internet infringement can only rely on the appropriate balance of the expost facto accountability method,giving rise to expedient measures such as“reverse behavior preservation”as a result of network users’questioning of the uniqueness of the rule of law reference.In the algorithm era,the path of Internet governance modernization lies in weakening the fault representation effect of notice-takedown rule,and reconstructing the obligatory content of the ISP that is compatible with the level of computing power development through the hypothetical model of reasonable man,so as to construct an fault-curbing mechanism for error correction such as copyright filtration technology and Notice-and-Staydown.