可穿戴设备的能源供给研究进展

Research progress on energy supply of wearable devices

随着人工智能和物联网技术的快速发展,智能可穿戴技术逐渐成熟并得到了广泛应用,各行业对智能可穿戴设备能源供给的持续性和独立性的需求越来越高。同时,为满足低能耗、高效率的设备要求,开发从人类生理和外部环境直接获取能源,强化能源供给独立性的技术需求越来越迫切。本文针对可穿戴设备的能源供给进行了综述,首先介绍了微能采集和能量储存两个部分的研究现状,列举了两者集成的应用研究;其次论述了微能采集和能量储存技术与自供电传感器结合的研究方向;最后对可穿戴设备供电的未来发展进行了展望。本文有利于促进可穿戴设备在智能持续化巡检中的应用,为供能行业的创新发展提供参考。

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and Internet of Things technology,smart wearable technology has gradually matured and been widely used,and the demand for the sustainability and independence of smart wearable device energy supply in various industries is getting higher and higher.The limited design space of wearable devices is not conducive to the expansion of energy storage devices,and redundant power supplies will inevitably bring electronic waste and environmental damage.Therefore,the need to develop technologies that directly obtain energy from human physiology and the external environment so as to strengthen the independence of energy supply is becoming increasingly urgent.Currently,energy such as solar energy,ambient thermal energy,electromagnetic energy,and mechanical energy is harvested by micro-energy harvesting technology from the surrounding environment.Co-generator technology supplies energy to wearable electronic devices,and provides energy to energy supply equipment by converting micro energy in the external environment into electrical energy,such as friction generators,thermoelectric generators,mechanical and piezoelectric generators and solar cells.At the same time,the development of wearable technology is inseparable from the synergy with energy storage technology.Second,since micro-energy harvesting and energy storage require corresponding control and regulation circuits,it is necessary to develop system-level energy management strategies to improve their efficiency,reliability and practicality in wearable systems.With the development of energy supply technology,self-powered sensors can provide power to sensing devices.To enable implantable and sustainable wearable electronics,self-powered sensor technology integrates self-powering and sensing,solving the drawback that most current sensors cannot work independently and must rely on an external power supply.Using new micro-energy harvesting or energy storage or both,sensing devices can continuously collect more operational data in harsh environments and build powerful data analysis libraries.Technical research based on micro-energy harvesting and energy storage technology is an important foundation for the energy supply of wearable devices.In the future,researchers can collect more other clean energy and store it.While the diversity of energy supply technologies is expanded,the energy utilization efficiency is greatly increased.This offers great potential for energy supply for wearable devices.Flexible and small-scale energy-integrated devices have greatly promoted the innovative research of energy supply technology in wearable devices.So far,miniaturized devices,high-power efficient conversion,energy storage enhancement and other technologies have greatly promoted the application of wearable devices in industries such as inspection.In the future,a large number of wearable device energy supply operation data can be obtained,the operation law of the equipment can be more deeply grasped,and combined with intelligent algorithm analysis,a more intelligent,reliable,convenient and energy-saving wearable continuous energy supply device can be designed.