高通量测序分析羊肚菌——赤松茸轮作土壤微生物群落结构变化

High-throughput Sequencing Analysis of Soil Microbial Community Structure Changes in Morchella vulgaris-Stropharia rugosannulata Rotation

基于高通量测序平台Illumina Novaseq剖析了羊肚菌—赤松茸轮作土壤微生物的变化,探究了轮作赤松茸对羊肚菌土壤微生物群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明:(1)轮作赤松茸后,土壤细菌、真菌群落的Simpson和Shannon指数显著提高;土壤微生物群落组成变化不显著,但其相对丰度存在显著差异。(2)ydj0、ydj1和csr1的优势细菌门均为Proteobacteria,优势真菌门均为Ascomycota;但3种土样优势属细菌分别为Pseudomonas、Sphingomonas和隶属于Gemmatimonadaceae的细菌属。(3)csr1土壤中Bacteroidota、Chitinophagaceae和Chaetomium的相对丰度较ydj1土壤的显著增加;而Myxococcota、Gemmatimonas、Basidiomycota和Tausonia相对丰度较ydj1土壤的显著降低;大多数细菌类群在csr1与ydj1土壤中相对丰度变化趋势相反。综上所述,羊肚菌—赤松茸轮作可以提高羊肚菌土壤微生物群落的物种多样性,有效调节羊肚菌土壤微生物菌群结构的平衡关系,栽培赤松茸对羊肚菌栽培土壤有一定的修复作用,但修复机制还有待进一步研究。

The high-throughput sequencing Illumina Novaseq was used to analyze the changes of soil microorganisms in the M.sextelata-S.rugosannulata rotation,and the effect of S.rugosannulata rotation on the structure and diversity of the soil microbial community of Morchella was explored.The results showed that:(1)The Simpson and Shannon indices of the diversity of bacterial and fungal communities were significantly improved after S.rugosannulata rotation.The composition of soil microbial community did not change significantly after cultivation of M.sextelata and S.rugosannulata.However,there were significant differences in the relative abundance.(2)the dominant bacterial groups in the original soil of M.sextelata(ydj0),one-year soil of M.sextelata(ydj1)and one-year soil of S.rugosannulata(csr1)were Proteobacteria and belonging to Gemmatimonadaceae,and the dominant fungal group was Ascomycota.However,the dominant genera of bacteria in the three soil samples were Pseudomonas,Sphingomonas and Gemmatimonadaceae.(3)Compared with ydj1,the relative abundances of Bacteroidota,Chitinophagaceae and Chaetomium in csr1 were significantly increased,while the relative abundances of Myxococcota,Gemmatimonas,Basidiomycota and Tausonia were significantly lower than that of ydj1.The relative abundances of most bacterial groups in the soils of csr1 were opposite to that in ydj1.The studies have shown that M.sextelata-S.rugosannulata rotation can improve the species diversity of the Morchella soil microbial community,and effectively adjust the balance of the Morchella microbial community structure in the soil.Comprehensive analysis showed that the cultivated S.rugosannulata has a certain remediation effect on the cultivation soil of Morchella,but the remediation mechanism needs to be further studied.