太原市大气污染物变化特征及其影响因素分析

Analysis of Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Air Pollutants in Taiyuan City

以太原市2014年1月1日—2020年12月31日的空气质量监测数据和气象条件、社会经济条件为基础,分析了气象因子、社会经济要素与污染物浓度之间的相关关系以及大气污染物之间的相关关系。结果表明:(1)太原市SO_(2)、PM_(2.5)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、CO和O_(3)月均浓度在历年中呈明显的季节性变化。其中,O_(3)月均浓度呈夏秋季浓度高、冬春季浓度低,但其他5种大气污染物的月均浓度变化则与之相反。(2)平均气温和降水量与SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO的含量呈显著或极显著负相关;日照时数与SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)浓度呈显著负相关;平均相对湿度与SO_(2)、PM_(10)含量呈显著或极显著负相关,但与其他4种污染物的浓度没有直接关系;平均气温的升高、平均降水量的增加及日照时数的变长,致使O_(3)-8 h浓度升高,表现为显著正相关;O_(3)-8 h浓度与平均相对湿度没有直接关系。(3)GDP、第二三产业产值与SO_(2)、CO浓度呈极显著负相关,但导致了O_(3)-8 h浓度的增加,与之显著正相关;常住人口数量、绿地面积、林业产值与SO_(2)、CO浓度呈显著或极显著负相关;原煤产量与PM_(10)浓度呈显著负相关;工业烟尘排放量、生活NOx排放量与SO_(2)、CO浓度呈显著正相关。(4)大气污染物SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO之间存在显著正相关性;而O_(3)-8 h与其他5种污染物间也存在显著负相关性。

Based on air quality monitoring data and meteorological and socio-economic conditions in Taiyuan City from January 1,2014 to December 31,2020,the correlation among meteorological factors,socio-economic factors and pollutant concentration was analyzed,and the correlation among air pollutants was also analyzed.The results show that:(1)The monthly mean concentrations of SO_(2),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),PM_(10),CO and O_(3)in Taiyuan show obvious seasonal variations over the years.Among them,the monthly average concentration of O_(3)is high in summer and autumn and low in winter and spring,but the monthly average concentration of SO_(2),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),PM_(10)and CO is opposite.(2)The mean temperature and precipitation are significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with the contents of SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10),PM_(2.5)and CO,and sunshine duration is negatively and significantly correlated with the concentrations of SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10)and PM_(2.5).The average relative humidity is significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with the SO_(2)and PM_(10)contents,but not directly with the concentration values of the other four pollutants.Higher mean temperature,increased mean precipitation and longer sunshine hours result in higher O_(3)-8 h concentrations,which show a significant positive correlation.The variation of O_(3)-8 h concentration is not directly related to the average relative humidity.(3)The GDP,secondary industry and tertiary industry economy are highly significantly negatively correlated with SO_(2)and CO concentrations,which results in an increase in the content of O_(3)-8 h in the air,showing a significant positive correlation.The resident population,green area and forestry economy are significantly or highly significantly negatively correlated with SO_(2)and CO concentration.There is a significant negative correlation between raw coal production and PM_(10)concentration.Industrial soot emissions and NOxemissions are significantly positively correlated with SO_(2)and CO concentrations.(4)There are significant positive correlations among SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10),PM_(2.5)and CO.However,there is a significant negative correlation between O_(3)-8 h and the other five pollutants.