中国数字乡村发展的区域差距和动态演进研究

Research on Regional Disparity and Dynamic Evolution of Digital Village Development in China

从基础设施、资金投入、服务水平、产业发展4个方面构建了数字乡村发展水平指标体系,采用纵横向拉开档次法测度2011—2020年全国30个省份的数字乡村发展水平,然后利用Dagum基尼系数和Kernel密度估计对数字乡村发展的区域差距和动态演进趋势进行了分析。研究发现,我国数字乡村发展水平逐年提高,空间上呈现“东高西低”的分布格局;总体差距呈小幅下降的变化趋势,主要源于区域间差距;东部地区内部差距最大,区域间差距呈现波动下降的变化趋势,东部与西部之间差距的下降幅度最大;除中部地区外,其余区域均存在极化现象。因此,数字乡村发展过程中不仅要因地制宜地制定发展策略,还要重视区域差距问题,避免出现严重两极分化的现象。

The digital village development level index system was constructed from four aspects of infrastructure,capital investment,service level and industrial development.The digital village development level of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020 was measured by the vertical and horizontal extension method.Then Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation were used to analyze the regional disparity and dynamic evolution trend of digital village development.The results show that the level of digital village development in China is increasing year by year,and the spatial distribution pattern is“high in the east and low in the west”.The overall difference shows a slight downward trend,mainly due to the regional difference.The difference of the east is the largest,and the difference between regions shows a trend of fluctuation and decline.The difference between the east and the west has the largest decline.Except for the central region,polarization is observed in all other regions.Therefore,in the process of digital village development,we should not only formulate development strategies according to local conditions,but also pay attention to regional disparities to avoid serious two-level differentiation.