2011—2020年宿迁市水痘流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Suqian City, 2011-2020

目的 分析2011—2020年宿迁市水痘疫情流行特征,为疫情防控提供科学依据。方法 对中国疾病预防控制信息系统中报告的水痘疫情信息进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2011—2020年共计报告水痘病例28 256例,年平均报告发病率为58.06/10万,整体发病呈逐年上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=18 132.55,P<0.001)。流行高峰出现在每年的5—7月和11—12月。宿城区年均报告发病率和累计报告发病数最高,男女比为1.23∶1,最高峰出现在幼儿园和小学的3~10岁年龄组,占总报告发病数的74.86%。结论 2011—2020年宿迁市水痘发病有明显的季节性和人群分布特征,应采取措施保持高水平的2剂水痘疫苗接种率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the varicella epidemic in Suqian City from2011 to 2020, so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the epidemic.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis of varicella epidemic information reported in the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System was carried out.Results From 2011 to 2020, a total of 28 256 cases of varicella were reported, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 58.06/105, the reported incidence of varicella in Suqian City showed an increasing trend,and the highest annual reported incidence rate and the cumulative number of reported cases were in Sucheng District. The peak epidemic occurred from May to July and from November to December each year. The male-to-female ratio was 1.23∶1, and the peak occurred in the 3-10 years old age group of kindergartens and primary schools, accounting for 74.86% of the total reported cases.Conclusions From 2011 to 2020, the incidence of varicella in suqian city is obvious seasonal and population distribution characteristics. So, effective measures should be taken to maintain a high level of 2-dose varicella vaccination rate.