认知行为疗法对支气管哮喘儿童焦虑抑郁及生活质量的影响研究

Effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety, depression and quality of life in children with bronchial asthma

目的 探讨认知行为疗法对支气管哮喘儿童焦虑、抑郁及生活质量的影响。方法 选取2022年1—6月在某专科医院哮喘专病门诊就诊的支气管哮喘患儿80例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组采取门诊随访的常规护理措施;观察组在对照组的基础上给予认知行为疗法干预,干预前后采用医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)、儿童哮喘生活质量问卷(PAQLQ)对患儿进行焦虑、抑郁和生活质量评估,比较采用t检验、χ^(2)检验等。结果 干预前2组患儿焦虑、抑郁评分和PAQLQ各项得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组焦虑评分(6.04±1.44)分,低于对照组的(9.11±2.55)分(t=6.630,P<0.001),观察组抑郁评分(5.85±1.78)分,低于对照组(9.06±2.28)分(t=7.019,P<0.001)。观察组PAQLQ的症状(54.16±11.09)分、活动(28.62±5.14)分、情感功能(46.26±7.01)分,均高于对照组的(43.88±10.06)分、(20.82±4.46)分、(33.76±5.91)分(t=4.342、7.249、8.622,P<0.001)。结论 认知行为疗法有助于改善支气管哮喘患儿的焦虑和抑郁水平,提高其生活质量,值得进一步推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive behavior therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in children with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of 80 children with bronchial asthma who were treated in the asthma special outpatient department of a tertiary specialized hospital in Xuzhou City from January to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group with 40 cases in each group by using the random number table method. The control group received routine nursing measures of outpatient follow-up;the observation group was given cognitive behavioral therapy intervention on the basis of the control group. Before and after the intervention, the anxiety and depression of the children were assessed with the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS),and the quality of life of the children was assessed with the pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire(PAQLQ), and the evaluation results were compared.Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in anxiety and depression scores and PAQLQ scores before the intervention(P > 0.05). After the intervention, the anxiety score(6.04 ±1.44) in the observation group was lower than that of the control group:(9.11 ± 2.55)(t = 6.630, P < 0.001), and the depression score(5.85 ± 1.78) of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(9.06 ± 2.28)(t = 7.019, P < 0.001).The scores of PAQLQ of symptoms(54.16±11.09), activity(28.62±5.14), and emotional function(46.26±7.01) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group:(43.88±10.06),(20.82±4.46), and(33.76±5.91)(t = 4.342, 7.249,8.622, all P < 0.001).Conclusion The cognitive behavioral therapy can improve the anxiety and depression levels of children with bronchial asthma and improve their quality of life, and the therapy is worthy of further promotion and application.