基于文献计量分析的土壤微生物入侵研究现状及发展趋势

Research on Soil Microbial Invasion Based on Knowledge Graph Analysis and Its Development Trend

随着农业经济发展,人类及其他动植物等的活动为外源微生物在食物链、环境介质中传播创造了条件,造成外源微生物频繁流动并对土壤生态系统产生扰动,进而引发微生物入侵。为了解国内外微生物入侵相关研究进展,本文利用CiteSpace、VOSviewer及HistCite对Web of Science核心合集数据库中微生物入侵领域的主要研究热点及其变化趋势等进行计量分析。结果表明:微生物入侵相关研究文献数量逐年上升,受到的关注度越来越高;美国、中国、德国、印度、澳大利亚等国家在该领域发文量居前列,且具有较紧密的国际学术合作网络;高通量测序与宏基因组为核心的微生物测定分析技术的快速发展,使得微生物入侵成为研究热点,当前的研究文献集中于根际促生菌作用机制、根际微生物群与植物健康等方面。研究指出有益微生物入侵可有效防治植物病害、促进植物生长以及修复污染土壤等,但病原微生物入侵土壤可造成作物减产、质量下降,甚至可经食物链传播而威胁人类及其他动物的健康,因此微生物入侵的影响与入侵菌株性质紧密相关。未来研究趋势主要集中于入侵微生物与特异性土著微生物的相互作用关系、植物病原微生物的防控机制与技术应用等方面,以期为土壤健康与绿色农业生产提供理论依据。

【Objective】The rapid development of the agricultural economy and animal disturbance can cause exogenous microorganism-wide transmission via food chains and environmental media. This can disturb the soil native community which might trigger microbial invasion and pollution.【Method】Based on the core collection database of the Web of Science, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to explore the research progress of microbial invasion by using the CiteSpace knowledge map analysis tool, VOSviewer visual analysis software and HistCite citation analysis tool.【Result】The results described as follows:(1) During the period between 2000 and 2021, the number of research articles addressing the topic of microbial invasion increased,and attracted increasing attention;(2) The United States, China, Germany, India, and Australia were the main contributors of academic articles in the field, and also established close collaboration with each other in recent years;(3) The co-occurrence analysis of keywords showed that microbiome and metagenomic were the top two research hotspots in this field in recent 20 years;(4) “Soil Biology & Biochemistry”, “Frontiers in Microbiology”, “PLoS One”, “Plant and Soil” and “Applied Soil Ecology” were the top five journals in this field. Among the top 10 important papers on microbial invasion, keywords of papers were clustered into 3 parts: interaction between invasive microbes and indigenous microbial communities(Cluster 1);soil microbial invasion mechanism and influencing factors(Cluster 2);impact of soil microbial invasion on the plant(crop) phenotype and disease prevention and control mechanisms(Cluster 3);(5) The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics made the microbial invasion a research focus;(6) The future research in microbial invasion mainly focused on the interaction between microbial invader and specific resident species, and exploration of suppression mechanism to prevent and control pathogenic microbes.【Conclusion】This study demonstrates the various functional exogenous microbes with the potential to disturb the balance of native communities based on bibliometric analysis. The knowledge of soil native communities and exogenous invasive microbes have been widely explored due to the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology.Most researchers focused on the pathogenic microbes invading the soil ecosystem rather than beneficial microbes. This is because beneficial microbial invasion can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases, promote plant growth and remediate soil pollution,while pathogenic microbial invasion can cause a decline in crop yield, and even threaten animals’ health through the food chain.Thus, this study draws attention to microbial invasion;both of artificially defined beneficial and pathogenic microbes, to enhance the understanding of soil microbial balance and health and to provide important support for soil health and green agricultural production.