长江经济带生活性服务业发展水平的空间格局及驱动因素

Spatial Pattern and Driving Factors of Consumer Service Industry Development in Yangtze River Economic Belt

研究市域单元生活性服务业发展的空间布局对拉动消费需求增加、转变城市经济增长方式和推动城市高质量发展具有重要的现实意义。通过POI数据构建生活性服务业水平的评价体系,利用变异系数、Theil指数、ESDA和空间杜宾模型分析长江经济带130个城市生活性服务业水平的空间分布特征和影响因素。结果表明:(1)长江经济带生活性服务业的整体水平不高,呈现“东高西低”的分布态势。上、中、下游3个地区内部生活性服务业水平存在显著差异,由强到弱依次为下游、中游和上游地区。(2)生活性服务业具有显著的全局和局部空间自相关特征,H-H和L-L集聚类型较为凸显,在空间上表现为“高者恒高、低者恒低”。(3)城市群间和城市群内的生活性服务业水平均具有明显差异,平均水平由大到小依次为长三角、成渝、滇中、长江中游和黔中城市群,内部差异由强到弱依次为成渝、长江中游、长三角、滇中和黔中城市群。(4)地区经济发展、城镇化率提高、产业结构优化和政府财政支出增加对生活性服务业水平的提升具有积极影响。居民消费水平的提高能有效带动周边城市生活性服务业的发展。(5)在未来城市发展过程中,既要积极实行城市更新行动,促进生活性服务提质增效,又要推进生活性服务市场化改革,畅通各项资源要素流动。

Studying the spatial pattern of urban consumer service industry development has important practical significance for increasing consumption demand,transforming the urban economic growth mode and promoting the high-quality development of the city.Based on POI data,the evaluation system of consumer service industry level was constructed.And then,the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of consumer service industry level in 130 cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt were analyzed by using variation coefficient,Theil index,ESDA and spatial Durbin model.The results show that:(1) the overall level of consumer services industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is not high,showing a distribution pattern of “high in the east and low in the west”;there are significant differences in the level of domestic consumer service industry among the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,which are the lower,middle and upper reaches from strong to weak.(2) The consumer service industry has significant global and local spatial autocorrelation characteristics,and the types of H-H and L-L clusters are more prominent,spatially expressing as “the high is constantly high,the low is constantly low”.(3) There are also obvious differences in the level of consumer service industry between and within urban agglomerations;the average level of consumer service industry in descending order is the Yangtze River Delta,Chengdu-Chongqing,Central Yunnan,Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River and Central Guizhou urban agglomeration;and the internal difference in descending order is the Chengdu-Chongqing,Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River,Yangtze River Delta,Central Yunnan and Central Guizhou urban agglomeration.(4) The enhancement of regional economic development,improvement of urbanization rate,optimization of industrial structure and increase of government financial expenditure exert positive effects on the improvement of consumer service industry level,and the rise of residents’ consumption level can effectively promote the development of consumer service industry in surrounding cities.(5) In the process of future urban development,it is necessary to not only actively implement urban renewal actions to improve the quality and efficiency of consumer service,but also to promote the market-oriented reform of consumer service to make the flow of various resources unimpeded.