中部典型农业区浏阳市主要农作物生产水足迹研究

Study on Water Footprint of Main Crop Production in Liuyang City,A Typical Agricultural Area in Central China

对县级市浏阳市开展主要农作物生产水足迹的研究是研究村镇层面水资源和水环境承载力的一项重要内容。通过利用水足迹的理论和方法,运用CROPWAT模型计算蒸散发量及其有效降水量,结合气象、农作物系数及面积产量、化肥使用量和土壤等主要数据核算主要农作物水足迹,以2018年为参考年份,对浏阳市早稻、中稻、晚稻、油菜和蔬菜等主要农作物开展了生产水足迹的计算和分析。结果表明,浏阳市早稻、中稻、晚稻、油菜和蔬菜的单位质量水足迹分别为1 310、1 390、1 250、3 310、380 m~3/t。根据此计算结果,研究在主要指标区域、农作物主要消费区与虚拟水和区域水资源管理三个方面重点开展了比较研究和类比分析。研究工作丰富了从下至上开展水足迹研究的方法,并为小流域水资源水环境管理策略提升提供了有益研究参考。

Research on the water footprint of primary crop production in Liuyang,a county-level city,will be served as an essential part of studying the carrying capacity of water resources and water environment at the village and town level.Using the theory and method of water footprint as well as the CROPWAT model,this paper calculates the evapotranspiration and effective precipitation.At the same time,it calculates the water footprint of the major crops based on the data of meteorology,crop coefficients and yield,fertilizer use and soil conditions.Such methods are used to calculate and analyze the water footprint of major crops of early rice,middle rice,late rice,rape and vegetables in Liuyang City in 2018.The results show that the water footprints in unit mass of early rice,middle rice,late rice,rape and vegetables in Liuyang City sums up to 1 310 m~3/t,1 390 m~3/t,1 250 m~3/t,3 310 m~3/t,and 380 m~3/t,respectively.Based on these calculation results,this research focuses on comparative analysis in three areas,namely,main indicator areas,main consumption areas for crops,as well as virtual water and regional water resource management.This research can enrich the methodology of water footprint from the bottom up and help to improve water resource management strategies in smaller watersheds.