基于过程和结果的甘肃古浪黄花滩生态移民工程绩效评价

Performance evaluation of ecological migration project based on process and outcome:a case study of Huanghuatan migration area in Gulang,Gansu,China

生态移民是国家实现脱贫攻坚和生态文明建设两大战略目标的重要政策手段。西部地区生态移民规模较大,进行生态移民工程绩效评价,总结现有经验教训,优化工程后续实施对实现西部生态脆弱区绿色发展具有重要意义。为了克服过去忽略移民过程获得感和公平诉求导致工程绩效与移民真实感受不符的缺点,本文以甘肃省古浪县黄花滩移民区为例,建立了基于过程和结果的生态移民工程绩效评价指标体系,并对工程绩效和影响因素进行了定量测度。结果表明:(1)古浪县黄花滩生态移民工程绩效评价结果为“较差”,移民对工程全过程的实施效果评价较低,存在问题主要为移民参与程度和对政策了解程度不够、搬迁过程操之过急、总开支大幅增加、合作社发展效益不佳、本地就业困难等。(2)经济受益水平更高的生态移民具有更高的工程绩效评价,而受益水平与移民自身经济实力密切相关。(3)生态移民工程的增收效应存在不均衡性,不同组间的移民受益水平存在明显差异,未来需要关注移民间发展差距和共同富裕问题。

Ecological migration is one of the important policy instruments to achieve the two strategic targets of poverty alleviation and ecological civilization construction for China.The scale of ecological migration in Western China is large,and it is of great significance to evaluate its performance,summarize the existing experience and lessons and optimize the implementation of follow-up projects to the green development of ecologically fragile areas in Western China.In order to overcome the shortcomings of inconsistency between project performance and true feelings of migrants caused by ignoring the sense of gain and fairness appeal of migrants,taking Huanghuatan immigration area in Gulang County,Gansu Province as a case,this paper establishes a performance evaluation index system of ecological migration project based on process and outcome to quantitatively measure the project performance and influencing factor.The results show that:(1)The performance evaluation result of ecological migration project of this area is"poor",and the evaluation of the implementation effect of the whole process of the project by migrants is low.The main problems are low level in project participation and policy understanding,too hasty relocation process,substantial increase in total expenditure,poor development benefits of cooperatives,difficulties in local employment,etc.(2)Ecological immigrants with higher economic benefit level have higher performance evaluation of the project,and the benefit level is closely related to their own economic strength.(3)The effect of the ecological migration project on poverty alleviation and income increase is unbalanced,and there are obvious differences in the benefit level of migrants among different groups,and it is necessary to pay attention to the problem of development gap and common prosperity between migrants in the future.