铝屑冲击粉碎机关键技术研究与应用

Application and Research on Key Technology of Aluminum Scrap Impact Pulverizer

为解决目前铝屑粉碎机效率低、能耗高、粉碎粒度过大的问题,根据粉碎前后铝屑颗粒的大小确定了铝屑粉碎机的设计方案。铝屑冲击粉碎机采用立式转子型结构,三层刀片采用对称排列设计,刀片利用轴流式风扇原理在粉碎腔内产生气流,可加速铝屑颗粒降落速度,提高粉碎机的产能。通过对铝屑切削力的分析,完成了对粉碎机重要结构参数的计算;通过对刀片切削铝屑所需冲击速度的分析,确定了转子系统的结构设计,并经应力校核计算验证该结构满足铝屑粉碎要求。对铝屑冲击粉碎机的转子系统进行了结构设计,利用风扇原理对叶片的形状进行创新设计,使得刀片回转过程中产生气流,增加物料的降落速度,提高粉碎机的生产效率。对刀片根部进行的应力计算表明,根部圆柱销的设计能够满足粉碎过程中的剪切力要求。文中研究的铝屑粉碎机是一种刀片冲击式粉碎机,具有粉碎效率高、颗粒粒度小的优点,可以避免和改善现有铝屑粉碎机作业过程中存在的工作效率低下、颗粒粒度较大的缺陷。铝屑粉碎机的设计与研发丰富了废铝回收行业粉碎设备的设计理论,具有一定的指导价值。

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency,high energy consumption and too large crushing particle size of the current aluminum scrap pulverizer,the design scheme of the aluminum scrap pulverizer is determined according to the size of the aluminum scrap particles before and after pulverization.The aluminum scrap impact pulverizer adopts a vertical rotor type structure,and the three-layer blade is symmetrically arranged.The blades use the principle of axial flow fan to generate airflow in the pulverizing cavity,accelerate the falling speed of aluminum scrap particles,and improve the production capacity of the pulverizer.Through the analysis of the cutting force of the aluminum chips,the calculation of the important structural parameters of the pulverizer is completed;through the analysis of the impact speed required by the blade to cut the aluminum chips,the structural design of the rotor system is determined,and stress check calculation verifies that the structure can meet the requirements of aluminum scrap crushing.The rotor system of the aluminum scrap impact pulverizer is structurally designed,and the shape of the blade is innovatively designed using the principle of the fan,so that the air flow is generated during the blade rotation process,the falling speed of the material is increased,and the production efficiency of the pulverizer is improved.The stress calculation is carried out on the root of the blade,and the calculation shows that the design of the cylindrical pin at the root can meet the shear force in the crushing process.The aluminum scrap pulverizer studied in this paper is a blade impact pulverizer,which has the advantages of high pulverization efficiency and small particle size,which can avoid and improve the defects of low work efficiency and large particle size in the operation process of the existing aluminum scrap pulverizer.The design and development of the aluminum scrap shredder enriches the design theory of shredding equipment in the waste aluminum recycling industry,and has certain guiding value.