基于热电效应的配电变压器绕组材质检测方法研究

Research on Material Detection Method of Distribution Transformer Winding Based on Thermoelectric Effect

我国目前的配电变压器都普遍存在一个主要问题,变压器绕组材质是指用铝代替铜的铝代铜材质。但是这种铝代铜材质也有安全隐患,铝线变压器的型号一定要特殊标注出来,因为根据变压器型号编制方法,这种行为不标注就是一种以次充好的行为,会带来危险和经济损失。我国某些地方已经发现了这个重大问题,需要破坏绕组绝缘的方法来对变压器吊罩进行检查,这种方法操作麻烦,所以就需要一种无损检测方法,方便快捷的为人服务。文章就有一种新式的变压器绕组材质的检测方法,是基于热电效应的检测方法,热电偶测温原理的逆应用是这个方法的出发点。文章的方法是通过测量热电偶的热电势和热电温度来确定材料的。热电偶就是铝线变压器内部必定存在的铜铝接头,在升温的情况下会产生热电势。铜线变压器绕组回路中是铜材,所以升温理论对它不起明显的热电效应。利用热电势的差异实现绕组材质检测,不损害材质。

There is a major problem in the current distribution transformers in my country.The transformer winding material refers to the aluminum-copper material that replaces copper with aluminum.However,this aluminum-copper material also has potential safety hazards.The model of the aluminum wire transformer must be specially marked,because according to the transformer model preparation method,this behavior is a good one-time charging behavior without marking,which will bring danger and economic losses..This major problem has been found in some parts of our country.It is necessary to destroy the winding insulation to inspect the transformer hood.This method is troublesome to operate,so a non-destructive testing method is needed to serve people conveniently and quickly.In this paper,there is a new detection method of transformer winding material,which is based on the detection method of thermoelectric effect.The inverse application of thermocouple temperature measurement principle is the starting point of this method.The method in this paper determines the material by measuring the thermoelectric potential and thermoelectric temperature of the thermocouple.The thermocouple is the copper-aluminum joint that must exist inside the aluminum wire transformer,which will generate thermoelectric potential when the temperature is raised.The copper wire transformer winding circuit is made of copper,so the heating theory has no obvious thermoelectric effect on it.Use the difference of thermoelectric potential to realize winding material detection without damaging the material.