土家药山姜水提物的安全性初步评价

Preliminary Evaluation on the Safety of Aqueous Extract of the Alpinia japonica Rhizome in Tujia Medicine

本研究的目的是评价山姜根茎水提物的急性和亚急性毒性及其安全性.以ICR小鼠为试验对象,将急性毒性试验分为山姜水提物组和对照组,实验组以最大耐受量单次给药5 g/kg;亚急性毒性试验分为山姜水提物低剂量组(1.3 g/kg)、高剂量组(2.6 g/kg)和对照组,实验组每天灌胃1次,连续15 d.给药后观察小鼠的行为特征,体重变化,并记录脏器系数,检测小鼠血样中尿素氮、肌酐含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活力,对小鼠的肝组织进行H&E染色.结果表明:在急性毒性试验中,山姜水提物组与对照组结果差异无统计学意义;在亚急性毒性试验中,山姜水提物高剂量组肌酐含量低于对照组(P<0.05),山姜水提物高剂量组的肝脏器系数高于对照组(P<0.05),但其余各器官脏器系数,尿素氮、肌酐含量,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活力和对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义,小鼠肝组织病理结果显示无异常.实验结果提示山姜水提物未引起明显急性毒性和亚急性毒性反应.

The safety of the acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of the Alpinia japonica(Thunb.) Miq rhizome(AAR) is studied.In acute toxicity test, ICR mice were divided into AAR group(maximum tolerated dose: 5 g/kg) and control group.In subacute toxicity test, ICR mice were divided into low-dose AAR group(1.3 g/kg),high-dose AAR group(2.6 g/kg) and control group, and the drugs were administered by gavage once a day for 15 consecutive days.After administration, the behavior characteristics and weight changes of mice were observed, and the organ coefficients were recorded.The content of urea nitrogen and creatinine in plasma, and the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum were detected.Histopathological examination of liver tissues were performed by H&E staining.In the acute toxicity test, there was no significant difference between the experimental group of mice in AAR group and the control group.In the subacute toxicity test, compared with the control group, the creatinine content of the high dose group was low(P<0.05),and the liver coefficient of the high dose group was high(P<0.05);the remaining organs’ coefficients, the content of urea nitrogen and creatinine, and the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase did not significantly differ from those of the control group;the liver histopathology showed no abnormality.There was no obvious acute toxicity and subacute toxicity in the aqueous extract of the Alpinia japonica rhizome.