经营者集中非剥离救济的执行与监督

Implementation and Monitoring of Non-divestiture Remedies in Merger Regulation

剥离救济和非剥离救济是经营者集中救济常见的分类方式。从救济实施角度而言,剥离救济和非剥离救济并无优劣之分,从救济设计、义务人、执法机构、监督强度或市场参与者角度看,剥离救济并不比非剥离救济具有天然优势。非剥离救济监督难度较大的原因主要在于难以形成统一的标准和做法,也没有成熟的经验可循。目前,常用的非剥离救济有保持独立性、保证供应、不得捆绑搭售、保证互操作性、开放救济等各种类型,不同类型的救济措施在执行中都具有自身特点。要不断加强对非剥离救济监督经验的总结,可以通过全面提高救济措施的可操作性、灵活运用各种监督手段和方式、充分发挥投诉举报机制的作用、引入有效的争议解决机制、保持非剥离救济实施的灵活性等措施,不断提高非剥离救济监督工作的有效性,降低监督成本。

Meger remedies are often categorized as structural remedies and behavioural remedies, or divestiture and non-divestiture remedies. From the perspective of enforcement of merger remedies, divestiture remedies are not necessarily better than non-divestiture remedies. The main obstacles facing the enforcement of non-divestiture remedies are that it is hard to form unified standards and there is no mature experience to follow. At present, the commonly used non-divestiture remedies include hold-seperate, supply requirements, no bundling, interoperability clause, and granting of access, etc.. Different types of non-divestiture remedies have their own characteristics in implementation. To more effectively enforce non-divestiture remedies and reduce monitoring cost, it is necessary to strengthen the operability of remedies, flexibly use various kinds of supervision means and methods, form clear and effective complaint and reporting mechanism, introduce effective dispute resolution mechanisms, and be flexible during the enforcement process.