甲状腺结节在体检彩超中的检出情况调查及相关因素分析

Investigation of Thyroid Nodules Detected by Color Doppler Ultrasound in Physical Examination and Analysis of Related Factors

目的:调查体检彩超中甲状腺结节的检出情况并对相关因素进行分析。方法:对2016年1月至2021年1月在本院健康管理中心体检人群的一般情况进行调查并采用甲状腺彩超进行甲状腺结节检查,一般情况内容包括年龄、性别、身高、体重、文化程度、吸烟、喝酒、运动情况、情绪状况、基础疾病、碘盐使用情况、甲状腺疾病家族史等,甲状腺彩超检查内容包括是否存在甲状腺结节、甲状腺结节数量、部位、大小等;通过单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析相关因素与甲状腺结节患病的关系。结果:甲状腺结节检出率为44.0%(44/100);结节组患者和对照组受检者的性别、年龄、体质指数(BMI)、糖尿病、碘盐食用情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);文化程度、吸烟史、饮酒史、运动习惯、焦虑、抑郁情况、高血压患病率、代谢综合征、脂肪肝、甲状腺疾病家族史比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);以患者甲状腺结节有无(有=1,无=0)为因变量,将性别(男=0,女=1)、年龄(<35岁=0,35-65岁=1,>65岁=2)、BMI(正常=0,偏瘦=1,肥胖或超重=2)、糖尿病(有=1,无=0)、代谢综合征(有=1,无=0)、脂肪肝(有=1,无=0)、碘盐食用情况(食用无碘盐=0,间或食用无碘盐或碘盐=1,食用碘盐=2)单因素分析有统计学意义的变量纳入多因素Logistic回归模型中,结果显示,性别、年龄、BMI、糖尿病、碘盐食用情况是检出甲状腺结节的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:体检彩超中甲状腺结节检出率应引起临床重视,且甲状腺结节与性别、年龄、BMI、糖尿病、碘盐食用情况有关。

Objective:To investigate the detection of thyroid nodules in color ultrasound and to analyze the related factors.Methods:The general conditions of the people who were examined in the Health Management Center of our hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 were investigated and thyroid nodules were examined by thyroid color ultrasound.The general conditions included age,gender,height,weight,education level,smoking,drinking,exercise,emotional status,basic diseases,use of iodized salt,and family history of thyroid diseases.The thyroid color ultrasound examination includes the presence of thyroid nodules,the number,location,and size of thyroid nodules,etc.The relationship between related factors and thyroid nodules was analyzed by single factor and multiple factor logistic regression.Results:The positive rate of thyroid nodules was 44.0%(44/100);the gender,age,body mass index(BMI),diabetes,and iodized salt consumption of patients in the nodule group and the control group were significantly different(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in educational level,smoking history,drinking history,exercise habits,anxiety,depression,the prevalence of hypertension,metabolic syndrome,fatty liver,and family history of thyroid disease(P>0.05);taking the presence or absence of thyroid nodules(Yes=1,No=0)as the dependent variable,variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis of gender(male=0,female=1),age(<35 years=0,35-65 years=1,>65 years=2),BMI(normal=0,lean=1,obese or overweight=2),diabetes(Yes=1,No=0),metabolic syndrome(Yes=1,No=0),fatty liver(Yes=1,No=0),and iodized salt consumption(consumption of non-iodized salt=0,occasionally consumption of iodized salt or iodized salt=1,consumption of iodized salt=2)were included in the multivariate logistic regression model.The results showed that gender,age,BMI,diabetes,and consumption of iodized salt were the influencing factors for detecting thyroid nodules(P<0.05).Conclusion:The detection rate of thyroid nodules in color ultrasound examination should be paid attention to clinically,and thyroid nodules are related to gender,age,BMI,diabetes,and iodized salt consumption.