α-溶血素纳米孔道限域空间内的识别

Identification within confined domain spaces ofα-hemolysin nanopore

α-溶血素纳米孔道已被广泛认为是一种天然且理想的生物纳米传感界面。其凭借多重限域空间的敏感识别和多相互作用位点,提供了一个可精确识别待测分子构象和实时监测微观反应过程的通用平台,并广泛用于核酸、氨基酸、多肽、聚合物以及金属离子等的灵敏检测,在样本用量微少、多组分同时检测、高灵敏和超分辨等方面有显著优势。本文重点综述α-溶血素纳米孔道3类不同限域空间(即β-桶、内腔、闩锁区域)在解密微观反应机理、探索分子细微构象变化、区分三维精细结构、功能化修饰孔道等领域的近期研究成果与进展。

α-hemolysin nanopore has been widely recognized as a natural and ideal biological nanosensing interface.It provides a universal platform to accurately identify molecule conformation and to monitor microscopic reaction processes in real time by virtue of the sensitive recognition of multiple confined space and diverse interaction sites.And it is widely used in sensitive detection of nucleic acids,amino acids,peptides,polymer,and metal ion,showing great advantages of small sample volume,multiplexed detection,high sensitivity and high resolution.In this paper,we focused on three different confined spaces ofα-hemolysin nanopore channels(β-barrel,nanocavity,latch region),reviewing their recent achievements in exploring microscopic reaction mechanism,molecular subtle conformational changes,as well as their functionalization.