交通与天气状况双重作用下生鲜农产品冷链配送的VRPTW

Vehicle Routes Planning of Cold Chain Distribution for Fresh Agricultural Product Based on the Dual Functions of the Traffic and Weather Conditions

研究生鲜农产品冷链配送的车辆路径规划,首先建立基于交通状况与天气状况双重作用的车速预测函数;再综合考虑车辆容量、速度、客户需求量、时间窗、生鲜农产品损耗与保质期等因素,以车辆使用的固定成本、时间成本、制冷成本、生鲜农产品损耗成本、车辆油耗与碳排放成本之和最小为目标构建冷链配送的带时间窗车辆路径规划模型,并根据模型特点设计一种改进蚁群算法求解;最后,通过多类型算例验证本文方法的有效性与可行性。实验结果表明:交通与天气状况共同影响配送车辆路径规划,生鲜农产品应尽量在天气状况良好的情况下进行配送;车辆路径规划应同时兼顾经济成本与环境成本,促进生鲜农产品物流配送与环境保护的和谐发展。

The vehicle routing problem of cold chain distribution for fresh agricultural product is studied in this paper. First, the influences of the urban traffic characteristics and weather conditions on vehicle speed are analyzed, and the speed prediction function is established based on the dual effects of traffic conditions and weather conditions. Second, by considering the factors such as vehicle capacity, speed, customer demand, time window, loss of fresh production and its shelf life, the vehicle routing problem with time windows(VRPTW) model of cold chain distribution was formulated. The objective of the VRPTW model is to minimize the sum of fixed cost of vehicles, vehicle duty time cost, cooling cost, loss cost of fresh agricultural products, fuel consumption cost and carbon emission cost. An improved ant colony algorithm is designed to solve the VRPTW. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed approaches are verified by multitype instances. The experimental results show that the vehicle routes planning of distribution is influenced by traffic conditions and weather conditions, and fresh agricultural products should be distributed under good weather condition as much as possible. Vehicle routes planning should take into account both economic cost and environmental cost to promote the harmonious development of fresh agricultural products distribution and environmental protection.