标准的可版权性再审视

Discussion on the Copyrightability of Standards

国家标准、行业标准与地方标准属于政府颁布标准,相对于市场自主制定标准,政府颁布标准的可版权问题存在较多的争议。应将其置于法解释论下,以《著作权法》为核心作规范分析。此3类标准属于著作权法所保护的“作品”,并且除强制性国家标准外,均不属于《著作权法》第5条第1项所规定的“法律、法规、国家机关的决议、决定与命令”,也不属于“其他具有立法、行政、司法性质的文件”,应肯定具有可版权性。基于该区分,在实践中可分别以专有出版权与著作权予以保护以应对侵权问题。如此可积极响应《国家标准化发展纲要》所提出“建立标准版权制度”目标,提供制度建设与完善的因应之道。

Compared with association standards and enterprise standards, there are many disputes about the copyrighability of national standards, sectoral standards and local standards. This issue should be analyzed based on the Copyright Law. These standards belong to the “works” protected by the Copyright Law. Except for mandatory national standards, they do not belong to “the laws, regulations, resolution, decisions and orders of governmental departments” stipulated in Item 1, Article 5 of the Copyright Law, nor belong to “legislative, administrative and judicial documents”. Based on the distinctions, they can be protected by the exclusive right of publication and copyright. This can actively help achieve the goal of “establishing the standards copyright system” put forward in the National Standardization Development Outline, and provide measures for system construction and improvement.