舍得老酒对大鼠肠屏障功能及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Shede liquor on intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota in rats

目的 探究舍得老酒对大鼠肠屏障功能及其肠道菌群构成的影响。方法 将28只SPF级180~220 g SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组(n=7):对照组、乙醇组、舍得老酒1组及舍得老酒2组。分别灌胃生理盐水、酒精(7.6 mL/kg)及舍得老酒(3.8 mL/kg和7.6 mL/kg 2个剂量),连续灌胃4周。检测结肠紧密连接蛋白mRNA表达水平,血清炎症相关分子水平;采用流式细胞仪检测脾脏免疫细胞水平;采用测序检测粪便肠道菌群构成。结果 乙醇组大鼠紧密连接蛋白mRNA表达水平较低,血清中的肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度较高,白介素10浓度较低,而舍得老酒2个剂量组均不同程度地改善了乙醇对大鼠肠屏障功能的不良反应。舍得老酒7.6 mL/kg剂量组可能通过降低CD4+T细胞比例而减少炎症的发生。舍得老酒3.8 mL/kg组大鼠肠道菌群alpha多样性高于其他3组。4组大鼠肠道菌群组成具有一定差异,门水平上,乙醇组拟杆菌门相对丰度较其他组高,厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门比值(F/B)低于其他3组;属水平上,乙醇组Ruminiclostridium_6、Prevotella_9及Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group丰度较对照组增加,舍得老酒3.8 mL/kg组的接近对照组,乙醇组Lactobacillus丰度降低,舍得老酒3.8 mL/kg组Lactobacillus丰度增加。结论 低剂量组舍得老酒可改善大鼠肠屏障功能,并可通过增加肠道菌群丰度及多样性、抑制部分肠道致病菌的生长及增加有益菌,从而起到一定的调节肠道菌群的作用。

Objective To explore the effects of Shede liquor on the liver function and the composition of intestinal flora in rats. Methods A total of 28 SPF male SD rats with body weight of 180-220 g were randomly divided into four groups(n =7): control group, ethanol group, low-dose Group 1 and Group 2. Normal saline, alcohol(7.6 mL/kg) and Shede liquor(3.8mL/kg and 7.6 mL/kg, respectively) were gavaged for 4 consecutive weeks. The mRNA expression levels of colon tight junction protein were observed, and that of serum inflammation-related molecules were detected. The spleen immune cells were detected with flow cytometry, and the faecal intestinal flora was sequenced. Results In the ethanol group, the mRNA expression level of tight junction protein was lower, the concentration of serum tumor necrosis factor-α was higher, and the concentration of interleukin-10 was lower. The side effects of ethanol on intestinal barrier function in rats were improved in low-dose Group 1 and Group 2. Low dose of Shede liquor might have decreased the incidence of inflammation by decreasing the proportion of CD4^(+) T cells. The α diversity of intestinal flora in Shede liquor group 1 was higher than in the other three groups. The level of Bacteroidetes in ethanol group was higher than in other groups, and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes(F/B) was lower than in other three groups. At genus level, the abundances of Ruminiclostridium_6, Prevotella_9 and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group in the ethanol group were higher than that in the control group, but those in the Shede liquor group 1 were similar to that in the control group. In addition, the abundance of Lactobacillus decreased in ethanol group while increased in Shede liquor group 1. Conclusion Low dose of Shede liquor can protect the intestinal barrier function of rats, and regulate the intestinal flora by increasing the diversity of intestinal flora, inhibiting the growth of some pathogenic bacteria and increasing beneficial bacteria.