生产性服务业集聚与城市绿色发展

Impact of Producer Services Agglomeration on Urban Green Development

作为制造业转型升级的重要动力,生产性服务业已经成为推动我国绿色发展的重要引擎。利用2005—2019年中国285个地级及以上城市的面板数据,通过构建多种空间计量模型,实证检验了生产性服务业集聚与城市绿色发展之间的关系。研究表明:生产性服务业集聚与城市绿色发展之间存在“U”型关系;生产性服务业集聚会对邻近城市产生虹吸效应,导致空间溢出效应显著为负;生产性服务业集聚可以通过产业升级、科技创新和节能减排影响城市绿色发展,其中产业升级的空间溢出效应显著为负,科技创新和节能减排的本地效应和空间溢出效应均显著为正。从地理区位来看,东部地区城市生产性服务业集聚不仅有利于自身绿色发展,还会对邻近城市绿色发展产生正向空间溢出效应;而中部和西部地区城市生产性服务业集聚的空间溢出效应显著为负。从行业来看,信息传输和计算机服务业集聚不仅能显著促进城市绿色发展,也会产生正向空间溢出效应;科学研究和技术服务业集聚会促进城市绿色发展,但会对邻近城市产生不利影响;交通运输业集聚的外部性则具有本地化特征。因此,应加快绿色科技创新,发挥东部地区城市生产性服务业集聚的正向空间溢出效应,推动中部和西部地区城市生产性服务业集聚,以提升中国城市整体绿色发展水平。

As an important driver for the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry,producer services have become an important engine driving China’s green development.Based on the panel data of 285 cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2005 to 2019,this paper empirically tests the impact of producer services agglomeration on urban green development by building spatial econometric models.The results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between producer services agglomeration and urban green development,and producer services agglomeration has a siphon effect on neighboring cities,resulting in a significantly negative spatial spillover effect.Producer services agglomeration affects urban green development through industrial upgrading,technological innovation,and energy conservation and emission reduction.The spatial spillover effect of industrial upgrading is significantly negative,and the local effect and spatial spillover effect of the technological innovation and the energy conservation and emission reduction are significantly positive.From the perspective of geographical location,producer services agglomeration in China’s eastern cities not only promotes their own green development,but also has a positive spatial spillover effect on the green development of neighboring cities.However,the spatial spillover effect of producer services agglomeration in China’s central and western cities is significantly negative.From the perspective of industry,the agglomeration of information and computer services can not only significantly promote green development of a city itself,but also have a positive spatial spillover effect.In addition,the agglomeration of scientific research and technical services promotes green development of a city itself,but has a negative impact on neighboring cities;and the externality of transportation industry agglomeration is characterized by the localization.Therefore,it is necessary to speed up the innovation of green technology,give play to the positive spatial spillover effect of producer services agglomeration in the eastern region,and promote producer services agglomeration in central and western regions,so as to promote the overall green development of China’s cities.