建筑火灾与人员安全疏散模拟

Simulation Research on Building Fire and Evacuation

以某高校教学楼作为研究对象,应用Pyrosim软件建立建筑物火灾扩散模型,分析温度、CO含量和能见度对人员安全疏散的影响,以烟气含量到达临界值的时间来确定人员的可用安全疏散时间,同时结合Pathfinder软件建立人员疏散模型,模拟得出人员必需的安全疏散时间.结果表明:温度、CO含量、能见度是影响人员疏散的重要因素;1~4楼内人员的可用安全疏散时间为120 s,必需安全疏散时间为84 s,5~8楼内人员的可用安全疏散时间为110 s,必需安全疏散时间为144.3 s.模拟结果反映出人员的安全疏散还存在危险性,为了减小其危险性提出了对应的消防建议措施.

Taking a university teaching building as a research object,and using Pyrosim software to build a building fire diffusion model,this paper analyzes the impact of temperature,CO concentration and visibility on the safe evacuation of personnel,and uses the smoke concentration when it reaches the critical value to determine the availably safe evacuation time for personnel.At the same time,an evacuation model is established with Pathfinder software to simulate the necessary safe evacuation time for personnel.Results show that temperature,CO concentration,and visibility are the important factors affecting evacuation of personnel.The availably safe evacuation time for personnel on 1st~4thfloor is 120 s,and the required safe evacuation time is 84 s;the availably safe evacuation time for personnel on 5th~8thfloor is 110 s,which requires the safe evacuation time is 144.3 s.The simulation results show that the safety evacuation of personnel is still dangerous.In order to reduce the risk,corresponding fire protection measures are put forward.