面向老龄用户的农机产品人机交互设计

On Human-computer Interaction Design of Agricultural Machinery Products for Elderly Users

针对农业劳动力老龄化和在农业机械化的过程中,农机产品老龄用户数量逐渐增加的问题,探索面向老龄用户的农机产品人机交互设计.以文献分析法、归纳法和案例分析法为主,围绕国内农业、农村、农民在经济、文化、伦理等方面的现状,从心理情感和生理极限两方面展开分析,总结国内农机产品老龄用户特征,从安全、包容和感官代偿3个方面提出面向老龄用户的农机产品人机交互设计原则,构建设计模型,最后,以萝卜收获机为例对所设计的模型进行验证.依据老龄用户在农业生产环节中的分工不同,农机产品老龄用户的人机交互可以分为驾驶员工位、操作员工位和人力协作员工位3种类型,并对人机交互设计原则提出设计关注点.安全原则注重交互行为的容错性和交互空间防护性,包容原则关注交互流程的简约化、交互模式多样化及交互界面认知问题,感官代偿原则体现对感官机能、感官健康需求的关爱.研究对构建适用于老龄用户的农机产品人机交互设计理论具有参考意义和价值.

Aiming at the aging of agricultural labor force and the gradual increase in the number of aging users of agricultural machinery products in the process of agricultural mechanization,the human-computer interaction design of agricultural machinery products for aging users is explored.The literature analysis method,inductive method,and case study method are used.The design model is constructed by analyzing the current situation of domestic agriculture,rural areas and farmers in terms of economy,culture and ethics,analyzing the psychological and emotional aspects and physiological limits,summarizing the characteristics of aging users of agricultural machinery products in China,and proposing the design principles of human-computer interaction for aging users in three aspects,namely safety,tolerance and sensory compensation.According to the different division of labor of aging users in agricultural production,human-computer interaction for aging users of agricultural machinery products can be divided into three types,that is driver’s station,operator’s station and human collaborator’s station,and design concerns are raised for human-computer interaction design principles.The principle of inclusion focuses on the simplicity of the interaction process,the diversification of interaction modes and the interaction interface,and the principle of sensory compensation reflects the care for sensory functions and sensory health needs.The research has referential significance and value for constructing the human-computer interaction design theory of agricultural machinery products applicable to aging users.