地震断层形态研究综述

Review of rupture morphology of seismic faults

随着我国工程建设事业的不断发展,一大批土木工程基础设施正不断向地下深部、深海和中西部地区延伸转移,如地铁工程、跨海跨湾工程铁路和铁路工程(如川藏铁路)等都具有里程长、规模大的显著特点,在我国特殊的地震地质构造背景下,会不可避免地遇到地表或地下深部地震断层的作用。断层的作用方式与断层破裂的形态关系密切,研究不同场地的地表断层形态对工程结构抗断层错断设计有重要意义。本文归纳了不同场地条件下地震地表断层的形态和断层的空间展布特征,总结了地震断层形态的研究现状,分析了影响地震断层形态的因素,探讨了当前研究工作的不足与今后的研究方向,以期能为相关研究工作提供参考。

With the continuous development of engineering construction in China,a large number of civil engineering infrastructure is constantly extending to the deep underground,deep sea and central and western regions,such as subway engineering,cross-sea/bay engineering,railway engineering(such as Sichuan-Tibet railway),etc.,all have the remarkable characteristics of long distance and large scale.Under the background of special seismic geological structure in China,it will be inevitable to encounter surface or deep underground seismic fault action.The action mode of fault is closely related to the morphology of fault rupture.Hence,it is of great significance to study the surface fault morphology of different sites for the design of anti-fault design of engineering structures.This paper summarizes the morphology and spatial distribution characteristics of seismic surface faults under different site conditions,summarizes the research status of seismic fault morphology,analyzes the factors that affect the morphology of seismic fault,and discusses the problems of current research work and future research directions,hoping to provide reference for related research work.