全科门诊接诊家庭暴力受害者的技巧分析

The Techniques for Encountering Victims of Domestic Violence in the General Outpatient

家庭暴力受害者可同时遭受身体安全威胁和心理创伤折磨,导致受害者会因多种多样的生理和/或心理问题咨询全科医生。全科医生在面对家庭暴力受害者时,需要及时识别患者,充分评估和正确处理。但在临床实践中,全科医生遇到此类患者存在着手困难、缺乏问诊技巧、无恰当处理方式等诸多问题,因而多选择无视或简单转诊。本文通过对家庭暴力案例的接诊分析,讨论应用“以患者为中心”的方法和“生物-社会-心理医学模式”进行诊疗活动的技巧,充分体现全科医生价值所在,延伸以家庭为单位的治疗理念。

Victims of domestic violence may be suffer from both physical threats and psychological trauma,leading them to consult general practitioners for a wide range of physical and psychological problems.When encountering victims of domestic violence,general practitioners need to identify patients timely,fully assess and properly deal with their conditions.But in clinical practice,general practitioners often choose to ignore or simply refer such patients because of many problems such as difficulty in starting,lack of asking skills and proper handling methods.Based on the analysis of domestic violence cases,this paper discusses the techniques that contribute to the use of patient-centered method and bio-social-psychological model in carrying out diagnosis and treatment activities.This fully reflects the value of general practitioners and extends the concept of family-based treatment.