广州市儿科医师心理健康状况及影响因素

Mental Health Status and Influencing Factors of Pediatricians in Guangzhou

【目的】了解广州市儿科医师心理健康状况及其影响因素,为改善儿科医师心理健康提供对策。【方法】采用分层随机抽样法,在广州市11个区内随机抽取400名儿科医师,利用症状自评量表SCL-90与工作压力源量表进行调查。采用多元线性回归法分析儿科医师心理健康的影响因素。【结果】广州市儿科医师工作压力源得分前三位为外部环境(3.23±0.59)、工作负荷(3.19±0.56)、组织管理(2.74±0.55);除职业兴趣外,各因子得分均高于临床医生群体,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);SCL-90筛查结果为阳性的有109人(27.25%);除焦虑、偏执外,各因子得分均高于医生常模;工作压力源各因子与SCL-90各因子呈正相关关系,除工作负荷与恐怖、外部环境与恐怖两对因子外,其余各对因子之间的相关性均有统计学意义(P<0.05);单因素分析结果显示不同健康状况、工作年限、工作满意度、工作压力、职业前景的儿科医师心理健康得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归结果显示健康状况、工作年限、职业兴趣、人际关系、医患关系是儿科医师心理健康的影响因素(P<0.05)。【结论】广州市儿科医师心理健康状况不理想,其影响因素主要为工作、组织等外部客观因素。

【Objective】To investigate the mental health of pediatricians in Guangzhou and its influencing factors, and to provide countermeasures for improving the mental health of pediatricians.【Methods】A stratified random sampling method was used to randomly select 400 pediatricians in 11 districts of Guangzhou, and they were surveyed using the Symptom Check List(SCL-90) and the Job Stressor Scale.【Results】The top three job stressors scored by pediatricians in Guangzhou were external environment(3.23±0.59), workload(3.19±0.56), and organizational management(2.74±0.55). All factor scores were higher than those of the clinician group except for career interest, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). The number of pediatricians with mental health problems was 109, accounting for 27.25%. All factor scores were higher than the physician norm except for anxiety and paranoia. The correlations between each factor of work stressors and each factor of SCL-90 were positive and statistically significant(P<0.05), except for two pairs of factors, workload and terror as well as external environment and terror. The results of univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in the mental health scores of pediatricians with different health status, years of work experience, job satisfaction, job stress, and career prospects(P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression showed that health status, years of work experience, professional interest, interpersonal relationship, and doctor-patient relationship were influential factors in the mental health of pediatricians(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The mental health of pediatricians in Guangzhou is unsatisfactory, and the factors affecting them are mainly external objective factors such as workload and organizational management.