应用压缩空气泡沫灭火系统实施大跨度大空间火灾处置的效能初探

Preliminary study on the efficiency of applying compressed air foam fire extinguishing system to implement large-span and large-space fire disposal

近年来,我国的房屋建造技术取得了前所未有的发展,各种应用于生产、储存的大跨度大空间建筑逐渐涌现。通常情况下,大跨度大空间建筑内部储存的大量商品、货物会使用拒水性较强的外包装予以覆盖,建筑内部一旦发生火灾事故,层叠堆垛的货物会极大地降低各类灭火剂的实际灭火效率,导致火灾现场作业时间大幅延长,灾情处置难度也必然随之增大。通过对大跨度大空间建筑结构特点进行具体分析,着重介绍了压缩空气泡沫灭火系统在实际灭火处置过程中的工作原理,从钢结构主体冷却及处置堆垛火灾两个环节探讨了应用压缩空气泡沫灭火系统处置大跨度大空间仓库火灾的实战效能。为了增加结论的可信度,以拒水性较强的轮胎堆垛模拟大跨度大空间仓库内部的储存物资进行火灾模拟试验,通过测试结果证明应用压缩空气泡沫灭火系统是一种能够高效处置大跨度大空间仓库火灾的战术措施。

In recent years, housing construction technology has achieved unprecedented development in our country, and various large-span and large-space buildings used in production and storage have gradually emerged. Under normal circumstances, a large number of commodities and goods stored inside large-span and largespace buildings will be covered with outer packaging with strong water repellency. Once a fire accident occurs inside the building,the stacked goods will greatly reduce the actual fire extinguishing efficiency of various fire extinguishing agents, resulting in a significant extension of the operation time on the fire site, and the difficulty of disaster disposal will inevitably increase. Through the concrete analysis of the structural characteristics of large-span and large-space buildings, the paper focuses on the working principle of the compressed air foam fire extinguishing system in the actual fire extinguishing process. The practical efficiency of using compressed air foam fire extinguishing system to deal with large-span and largespace warehouse fires is discussed from the two links of steel structure main body cooling and dealing with stacking fire. In order to increase the credibility of the conclusion, a fire simulation test was carried out by simulating the storage materials in a large-span and large-space warehouse with tire stacking with strong water repellency. The test results prove that the application of compressed air foam fire extinguishing system is a tactical measure that can efficiently deal with fires in large-span and large-space warehouses.